docs/content/actions/learn-github-actions/migrating-from-gitlab-cicd-to-github-actions.md

title, intro, versions

title	intro	versions
Migrating from GitLab CI/CD to GitHub Actions	{% data variables.product.prodname_actions %} and GitLab CI/CD share several configuration similarities, which makes migrating to {% data variables.product.prodname_actions %} relatively straightforward.	free-pro-team enterprise-server * >=2.22

{% data reusables.actions.enterprise-beta %} {% data reusables.actions.enterprise-github-hosted-runners %}

Introduction

GitLab CI/CD and {% data variables.product.prodname_actions %} both allow you to create workflows that automatically build, test, publish, release, and deploy code. GitLab CI/CD and {% data variables.product.prodname_actions %} share some similarities in workflow configuration:

• Workflow configuration files are written in YAML and are stored in the code's repository.
• Workflows include one or more jobs.
• Jobs include one or more steps or individual commands.
• Jobs can run on either managed or self-hosted machines.

There are a few differences, and this guide will show you the important differences so that you can migrate your workflow to {% data variables.product.prodname_actions %}.

Jobs

Jobs in GitLab CI/CD are very similar to jobs in {% data variables.product.prodname_actions %}. In both systems, jobs have the following characteristics:

• Jobs contain a series of steps or scripts that run sequentially.
• Jobs can run on separate machines or in separate containers.
• Jobs run in parallel by default, but can be configured to run sequentially.

You can run a script or a shell command in a job. In GitLab CI/CD, script steps are specified using the script key. In {% data variables.product.prodname_actions %}, all scripts are specified using the run key.

Below is an example of the syntax for each system:

GitLab CI/CD	{% data variables.product.prodname_actions %}
{% raw %} ```yaml job1: variables: GIT_CHECKOUT: "true" script: - echo "Run your script here" ``` {% endraw %}	{% raw %} ```yaml jobs: job1: steps: - uses: actions/checkout@v2 - run: echo "Run your script here" ``` {% endraw %}

Runners

Runners are machines on which the jobs run. Both GitLab CI/CD and {% data variables.product.prodname_actions %} offer managed and self-hosted variants of runners. In GitLab CI/CD, tags are used to run jobs on different platforms, while in {% data variables.product.prodname_actions %} it is done with the runs-on key.

Below is an example of the syntax for each system:

GitLab CI/CD	{% data variables.product.prodname_actions %}
{% raw %} ```yaml windows_job: tags: - windows script: - echo Hello, %USERNAME%! linux_job: tags: - linux script: - echo "Hello, $USER!" {% endraw %} </td> <td class="d-table-cell v-align-top"> {% raw %} ```yaml windows_job: runs-on : windows-latest steps: - run: echo Hello, %USERNAME%! linux_job: runs-on: ubuntu-latest steps: - run: echo "Hello, $USER!" {% endraw %}

For more information, see "Workflow syntax for {% data variables.product.prodname_actions %}."

Docker images

Both GitLab CI/CD and {% data variables.product.prodname_actions %} support running jobs in a Docker image. In GitLab CI/CD, Docker images are defined with a image key, while in {% data variables.product.prodname_actions %} it is done with the container key.

Below is an example of the syntax for each system:

GitLab CI/CD	{% data variables.product.prodname_actions %}
{% raw %} ```yaml my_job: image: node:10.16-jessie ``` {% endraw %}	{% raw %} ```yaml jobs: my_job: container: node:10.16-jessie ``` {% endraw %}

For more information, see "Workflow syntax for {% data variables.product.prodname_actions %}."

Condition and expression syntax

GitLab CI/CD uses rules to determine if a job will run for a specific condition. {% data variables.product.prodname_actions %} uses the if keyword to prevent a job from running unless a condition is met.

Below is an example of the syntax for each system:

GitLab CI/CD	{% data variables.product.prodname_actions %}
{% raw %} ```yaml deploy_prod: stage: deploy script: - echo "Deply to production server" rules: - if: '$CI_COMMIT_BRANCH == "master"' ``` {% endraw %}	{% raw %} ```yaml jobs: deploy_prod: if: contains( github.ref, 'master') runs-on: ubuntu-latest steps: - run: echo "Deply to production server" ``` {% endraw %}

For more information, see "Context and expression syntax for {% data variables.product.prodname_actions %}."

Dependencies between Jobs

Both GitLab CI/CD and {% data variables.product.prodname_actions %} allow you to set dependencies for a job. In both systems, jobs run in parallel by default, but job dependencies in {% data variables.product.prodname_actions %} can be specified explicitly with the needs key. GitLab CI/CD also has a concept of stages, where jobs in a stage run concurrently, but the next stage will start when all the jobs in the previous stage have completed. You can recreate this scenario in {% data variables.product.prodname_actions %} with the needs key.

Below is an example of the syntax for each system. The workflows start with two jobs named build_a and build_b running in parallel, and when those jobs complete, another job called test_ab will run. Finally, when test_ab completes, the deploy_ab job will run.

GitLab CI/CD

{% data variables.product.prodname_actions %}

{% raw %} ```yaml stages: - build - test - deploy build_a: stage: build script: - echo "This job will run first." build_b: stage: build script: - echo "This job will run first, in parallel with build_a." test_ab: stage: test script: - echo "This job will run after build_a and build_b have finished." deploy_ab: stage: deploy script: - echo "This job will run after test_ab is complete" {% endraw %} </td> <td class="d-table-cell v-align-top"> {% raw %} ```yaml jobs: build_a: runs-on: ubuntu-latest steps: - run: echo "This job will be run first." build_b: runs-on: ubuntu-latest steps: - run: echo "This job will be run first, in parallel with build_a" test_ab: runs-on: ubuntu-latest needs: [build_a,build_b] steps: - run: echo "This job will run after build_a and build_b have finished" deploy_ab: runs-on: ubuntu-latest needs: [test_ab] steps: - run: echo "This job will run after test_ab is complete" {% endraw %}

For more information, see "Workflow syntax for {% data variables.product.prodname_actions %}."

Scheduling workflows

Both GitLab CI/CD and {% data variables.product.prodname_actions %} allow you to run workflows at a specific interval. In GitLab CI/CD, pipeline schedules are configured with the UI, while in {% data variables.product.prodname_actions %} you can trigger a workflow on a scheduled interval with the "on" key.

For more information, see "Events that trigger workflows."

Variables and secrets

GitLab CI/CD and {% data variables.product.prodname_actions %} support setting environment variables in the pipeline or workflow configuration file, and creating secrets using the GitLab or {% data variables.product.product_name %} UI.

For more information, see "Environment variables" and "Encrypted secrets."

Caching

GitLab CI/CD and {% data variables.product.prodname_actions %} provide a method in the configuration file to manually cache workflow files.

Below is an example of the syntax for each system:

GitLab CI/CD

{% data variables.product.prodname_actions %}

{% raw %} ```yaml image: node:latest cache: key: $CI_COMMIT_REF_SLUG paths: - .npm/ before_script: npm ci --cache .npm --prefer-offline test_async: script: - node ./specs/start.js ./specs/async.spec.js {% endraw %} </td> <td class="d-table-cell v-align-top"> {% raw %} ```yaml jobs: test_async: - name: Cache node modules uses: actions/cache@v2 with: path: ~/.npm key: v1-npm-deps-${{ hashFiles('**/package-lock.json') }} restore-keys: v1-npm-deps- {% endraw %}

For more information, see "Caching dependencies to speed up workflows."

Artifacts

Both GitLab CI/CD and {% data variables.product.prodname_actions %} can upload files and directories created by a job as artifacts. In {% data variables.product.prodname_actions %}, artifacts can be used to persist data across multiple jobs.

Below is an example of the syntax for each system:

GitLab CI/CD	{% data variables.product.prodname_actions %}
{% raw %} ```yaml script: artifacts: paths: - math-homework.txt ``` {% endraw %}	{% raw %} ```yaml - name: Upload math result for job 1 uses: actions/upload-artifact@v2 with: name: homework path: math-homework.txt ``` {% endraw %}

For more information, see "Storing workflow data as artifacts."

Databases and service containers

Both systems enable you to include additional containers for databases, caching, or other dependencies.

In GitLab CI/CD, a container for the job is specified with the image key, while {% data variables.product.prodname_actions %} uses the container key. In both systems, additional service containers are specified with the services key.

Below is an example of the syntax for each system:

GitLab CI/CD

{% data variables.product.prodname_actions %}

{% raw %} ```yaml container-job: variables: POSTGRES_PASSWORD: postgres # The hostname used to communicate with the # PostgreSQL service container POSTGRES_HOST: postgres # The default PostgreSQL port POSTGRES_PORT: 5432 image: node:10.18-jessie services: - postgres script: # Performs a clean installation of all dependencies # in the `package.json` file - npm ci # Runs a script that creates a PostgreSQL client, # populates the client with data, and retrieves data - node client.js tags: - docker ``` {% endraw %}

{% raw %} ```yaml jobs: container-job: runs-on: ubuntu-latest container: node:10.18-jessie services: postgres: image: postgres env: POSTGRES_PASSWORD: postgres steps: - name: Check out repository code uses: actions/checkout@v2 # Performs a clean installation of all dependencies # in the `package.json` file - name: Install dependencies run: npm ci - name: Connect to PostgreSQL # Runs a script that creates a PostgreSQL client, # populates the client with data, and retrieves data run: node client.js env: # The hostname used to communicate with the # PostgreSQL service container POSTGRES_HOST: postgres # The default PostgreSQL port POSTGRES_PORT: 5432 {% endraw %} </td> </tr> </table> For more information, see "[About service containers](/actions/guides/about-service-containers)."