13 KiB
id, title, challengeType, forumTopicId, dashedName
| id | title | challengeType | forumTopicId | dashedName |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 587d7da9367417b2b2512b68 | Verwende die Methode reduce, um Daten zu analysieren | 1 | 301313 | use-the-reduce-method-to-analyze-data |
--description--
Array.prototype.reduce(), oder einfach reduce(), ist die allgemeinste aller Array-Operationen in JavaScript. Du kannst fast jedes Problem bei der Verarbeitung von Arrays mit der Methode reduce lösen.
Die Methode reduce ermöglicht allgemeinere Formen der Array-Verarbeitung und es ist möglich zu zeigen, dass sowohl filter als auch map als spezielle Anwendungen von reduce abgeleitet werden können. Die Methode reduce iteriert über jedes Element in einem Array und gibt einen einzelnen Wert zurück (z.B. String, Zahl, Objekt, Array). Dies wird über eine Callback-Funktion erreicht, die bei jeder Iteration aufgerufen wird.
Die Callback-Funktion nimmt vier Argumente entgegen. Das erste Argument ist der Akkumulator, dem der Rückgabewert der Callback-Funktion aus der vorherigen Iteration zugewiesen wird, das zweite ist das aktuell verarbeitete Element, das dritte ist der Index dieses Elements und das vierte ist das Array, auf dem reduce aufgerufen wird.
Neben der Callback-Funktion hat reduce einen zusätzlichen Parameter, der einen Anfangswert für den Akkumulator annimmt. Wenn dieser zweite Parameter nicht verwendet wird, wird die erste Iteration übersprungen und der zweiten Iteration wird das erste Element des Arrays als Akkumulator übergeben.
Unten findest du ein Beispiel, in dem du reduce auf das Array users anwendest, um die Summe der Altersangaben aller Benutzer zu erhalten. Der Einfachheit halber werden im Beispiel nur das erste und zweite Argument verwendet.
const users = [
{ name: 'John', age: 34 },
{ name: 'Amy', age: 20 },
{ name: 'camperCat', age: 10 }
];
const sumOfAges = users.reduce((sum, user) => sum + user.age, 0);
console.log(sumOfAges);
Die Konsole würde den Wert 64 ausgeben.
In einem anderen Beispiel kannst du sehen, wie ein Objekt zurückgegeben werden kann, das die Namen der Benutzer als Eigenschaften und ihr Alter als Werte enthält.
const users = [
{ name: 'John', age: 34 },
{ name: 'Amy', age: 20 },
{ name: 'camperCat', age: 10 }
];
const usersObj = users.reduce((obj, user) => {
obj[user.name] = user.age;
return obj;
}, {});
console.log(usersObj);
Die Konsole würde den Wert { John: 34, Amy: 20, camperCat: 10 } anzeigen.
--instructions--
Die Variable watchList enthält ein Array von Objekten mit Informationen über verschiedene Filme. Verwende reduce, um die durchschnittliche IMDB-Bewertung der Filme zu finden, bei denen Christopher Nolan Regie geführt hat. Du hast bereits in den vergangenen Aufgaben gelernt, wie man Daten mit filter und map filtert und zuordnet. Du musst eventuell andere Variablen erstellen und die durchschnittliche Bewertung von der Funktion getRating zurückgeben. Beachte, dass die Ratingwerte als Strings im Objekt gespeichert werden und in Zahlen umgewandelt werden müssen, bevor sie in mathematischen Operationen verwendet werden.
--hints--
Die Variable watchList sollte sich nicht ändern.
assert(
watchList[0].Title === 'Inception' && watchList[4].Director == 'James Cameron'
);
Dein Code sollte die Methode reduce verwenden.
assert(code.match(/\.reduce/g));
getRating(watchList) sollte gleich 8,675 sein.
assert(getRating(watchList) === 8.675);
Dein Code sollte keine for-Schleife verwenden.
assert(!code.match(/for\s*?\([\s\S]*?\)/g));
Dein Code sollte die richtige Ausgabe zurückgeben, nachdem du das Objekt watchList geändert hast.
assert(getRating(watchList.filter((_, i) => i < 1 || i > 2)) === 8.55);
--seed--
--seed-contents--
// The global variable
const watchList = [
{
"Title": "Inception",
"Year": "2010",
"Rated": "PG-13",
"Released": "16 Jul 2010",
"Runtime": "148 min",
"Genre": "Action, Adventure, Crime",
"Director": "Christopher Nolan",
"Writer": "Christopher Nolan",
"Actors": "Leonardo DiCaprio, Joseph Gordon-Levitt, Elliot Page, Tom Hardy",
"Plot": "A thief, who steals corporate secrets through use of dream-sharing technology, is given the inverse task of planting an idea into the mind of a CEO.",
"Language": "English, Japanese, French",
"Country": "USA, UK",
"Awards": "Won 4 Oscars. Another 143 wins & 198 nominations.",
"Poster": "http://ia.media-imdb.com/images/M/MV5BMjAxMzY3NjcxNF5BMl5BanBnXkFtZTcwNTI5OTM0Mw@@._V1_SX300.jpg",
"Metascore": "74",
"imdbRating": "8.8",
"imdbVotes": "1,446,708",
"imdbID": "tt1375666",
"Type": "movie",
"Response": "True"
},
{
"Title": "Interstellar",
"Year": "2014",
"Rated": "PG-13",
"Released": "07 Nov 2014",
"Runtime": "169 min",
"Genre": "Adventure, Drama, Sci-Fi",
"Director": "Christopher Nolan",
"Writer": "Jonathan Nolan, Christopher Nolan",
"Actors": "Ellen Burstyn, Matthew McConaughey, Mackenzie Foy, John Lithgow",
"Plot": "A team of explorers travel through a wormhole in space in an attempt to ensure humanity's survival.",
"Language": "English",
"Country": "USA, UK",
"Awards": "Won 1 Oscar. Another 39 wins & 132 nominations.",
"Poster": "http://ia.media-imdb.com/images/M/MV5BMjIxNTU4MzY4MF5BMl5BanBnXkFtZTgwMzM4ODI3MjE@._V1_SX300.jpg",
"Metascore": "74",
"imdbRating": "8.6",
"imdbVotes": "910,366",
"imdbID": "tt0816692",
"Type": "movie",
"Response": "True"
},
{
"Title": "The Dark Knight",
"Year": "2008",
"Rated": "PG-13",
"Released": "18 Jul 2008",
"Runtime": "152 min",
"Genre": "Action, Adventure, Crime",
"Director": "Christopher Nolan",
"Writer": "Jonathan Nolan (screenplay), Christopher Nolan (screenplay), Christopher Nolan (story), David S. Goyer (story), Bob Kane (characters)",
"Actors": "Christian Bale, Heath Ledger, Aaron Eckhart, Michael Caine",
"Plot": "When the menace known as the Joker wreaks havoc and chaos on the people of Gotham, the caped crusader must come to terms with one of the greatest psychological tests of his ability to fight injustice.",
"Language": "English, Mandarin",
"Country": "USA, UK",
"Awards": "Won 2 Oscars. Another 146 wins & 142 nominations.",
"Poster": "http://ia.media-imdb.com/images/M/MV5BMTMxNTMwODM0NF5BMl5BanBnXkFtZTcwODAyMTk2Mw@@._V1_SX300.jpg",
"Metascore": "82",
"imdbRating": "9.0",
"imdbVotes": "1,652,832",
"imdbID": "tt0468569",
"Type": "movie",
"Response": "True"
},
{
"Title": "Batman Begins",
"Year": "2005",
"Rated": "PG-13",
"Released": "15 Jun 2005",
"Runtime": "140 min",
"Genre": "Action, Adventure",
"Director": "Christopher Nolan",
"Writer": "Bob Kane (characters), David S. Goyer (story), Christopher Nolan (screenplay), David S. Goyer (screenplay)",
"Actors": "Christian Bale, Michael Caine, Liam Neeson, Katie Holmes",
"Plot": "After training with his mentor, Batman begins his fight to free crime-ridden Gotham City from the corruption that Scarecrow and the League of Shadows have cast upon it.",
"Language": "English, Urdu, Mandarin",
"Country": "USA, UK",
"Awards": "Nominated for 1 Oscar. Another 15 wins & 66 nominations.",
"Poster": "http://ia.media-imdb.com/images/M/MV5BNTM3OTc0MzM2OV5BMl5BanBnXkFtZTYwNzUwMTI3._V1_SX300.jpg",
"Metascore": "70",
"imdbRating": "8.3",
"imdbVotes": "972,584",
"imdbID": "tt0372784",
"Type": "movie",
"Response": "True"
},
{
"Title": "Avatar",
"Year": "2009",
"Rated": "PG-13",
"Released": "18 Dec 2009",
"Runtime": "162 min",
"Genre": "Action, Adventure, Fantasy",
"Director": "James Cameron",
"Writer": "James Cameron",
"Actors": "Sam Worthington, Zoe Saldana, Sigourney Weaver, Stephen Lang",
"Plot": "A paraplegic marine dispatched to the moon Pandora on a unique mission becomes torn between following his orders and protecting the world he feels is his home.",
"Language": "English, Spanish",
"Country": "USA, UK",
"Awards": "Won 3 Oscars. Another 80 wins & 121 nominations.",
"Poster": "http://ia.media-imdb.com/images/M/MV5BMTYwOTEwNjAzMl5BMl5BanBnXkFtZTcwODc5MTUwMw@@._V1_SX300.jpg",
"Metascore": "83",
"imdbRating": "7.9",
"imdbVotes": "876,575",
"imdbID": "tt0499549",
"Type": "movie",
"Response": "True"
}
];
function getRating(watchList) {
// Only change code below this line
let averageRating;
// Only change code above this line
return averageRating;
}
console.log(getRating(watchList));
--solutions--
const watchList = [
{
"Title": "Inception",
"Year": "2010",
"Rated": "PG-13",
"Released": "16 Jul 2010",
"Runtime": "148 min",
"Genre": "Action, Adventure, Crime",
"Director": "Christopher Nolan",
"Writer": "Christopher Nolan",
"Actors": "Leonardo DiCaprio, Joseph Gordon-Levitt, Elliot Page, Tom Hardy",
"Plot": "A thief, who steals corporate secrets through use of dream-sharing technology, is given the inverse task of planting an idea into the mind of a CEO.",
"Language": "English, Japanese, French",
"Country": "USA, UK",
"Awards": "Won 4 Oscars. Another 143 wins & 198 nominations.",
"Poster": "http://ia.media-imdb.com/images/M/MV5BMjAxMzY3NjcxNF5BMl5BanBnXkFtZTcwNTI5OTM0Mw@@._V1_SX300.jpg",
"Metascore": "74",
"imdbRating": "8.8",
"imdbVotes": "1,446,708",
"imdbID": "tt1375666",
"Type": "movie",
"Response": "True"
},
{
"Title": "Interstellar",
"Year": "2014",
"Rated": "PG-13",
"Released": "07 Nov 2014",
"Runtime": "169 min",
"Genre": "Adventure, Drama, Sci-Fi",
"Director": "Christopher Nolan",
"Writer": "Jonathan Nolan, Christopher Nolan",
"Actors": "Ellen Burstyn, Matthew McConaughey, Mackenzie Foy, John Lithgow",
"Plot": "A team of explorers travel through a wormhole in space in an attempt to ensure humanity's survival.",
"Language": "English",
"Country": "USA, UK",
"Awards": "Won 1 Oscar. Another 39 wins & 132 nominations.",
"Poster": "http://ia.media-imdb.com/images/M/MV5BMjIxNTU4MzY4MF5BMl5BanBnXkFtZTgwMzM4ODI3MjE@._V1_SX300.jpg",
"Metascore": "74",
"imdbRating": "8.6",
"imdbVotes": "910,366",
"imdbID": "tt0816692",
"Type": "movie",
"Response": "True"
},
{
"Title": "The Dark Knight",
"Year": "2008",
"Rated": "PG-13",
"Released": "18 Jul 2008",
"Runtime": "152 min",
"Genre": "Action, Adventure, Crime",
"Director": "Christopher Nolan",
"Writer": "Jonathan Nolan (screenplay), Christopher Nolan (screenplay), Christopher Nolan (story), David S. Goyer (story), Bob Kane (characters)",
"Actors": "Christian Bale, Heath Ledger, Aaron Eckhart, Michael Caine",
"Plot": "When the menace known as the Joker wreaks havoc and chaos on the people of Gotham, the caped crusader must come to terms with one of the greatest psychological tests of his ability to fight injustice.",
"Language": "English, Mandarin",
"Country": "USA, UK",
"Awards": "Won 2 Oscars. Another 146 wins & 142 nominations.",
"Poster": "http://ia.media-imdb.com/images/M/MV5BMTMxNTMwODM0NF5BMl5BanBnXkFtZTcwODAyMTk2Mw@@._V1_SX300.jpg",
"Metascore": "82",
"imdbRating": "9.0",
"imdbVotes": "1,652,832",
"imdbID": "tt0468569",
"Type": "movie",
"Response": "True"
},
{
"Title": "Batman Begins",
"Year": "2005",
"Rated": "PG-13",
"Released": "15 Jun 2005",
"Runtime": "140 min",
"Genre": "Action, Adventure",
"Director": "Christopher Nolan",
"Writer": "Bob Kane (characters), David S. Goyer (story), Christopher Nolan (screenplay), David S. Goyer (screenplay)",
"Actors": "Christian Bale, Michael Caine, Liam Neeson, Katie Holmes",
"Plot": "After training with his mentor, Batman begins his fight to free crime-ridden Gotham City from the corruption that Scarecrow and the League of Shadows have cast upon it.",
"Language": "English, Urdu, Mandarin",
"Country": "USA, UK",
"Awards": "Nominated for 1 Oscar. Another 15 wins & 66 nominations.",
"Poster": "http://ia.media-imdb.com/images/M/MV5BNTM3OTc0MzM2OV5BMl5BanBnXkFtZTYwNzUwMTI3._V1_SX300.jpg",
"Metascore": "70",
"imdbRating": "8.3",
"imdbVotes": "972,584",
"imdbID": "tt0372784",
"Type": "movie",
"Response": "True"
},
{
"Title": "Avatar",
"Year": "2009",
"Rated": "PG-13",
"Released": "18 Dec 2009",
"Runtime": "162 min",
"Genre": "Action, Adventure, Fantasy",
"Director": "James Cameron",
"Writer": "James Cameron",
"Actors": "Sam Worthington, Zoe Saldana, Sigourney Weaver, Stephen Lang",
"Plot": "A paraplegic marine dispatched to the moon Pandora on a unique mission becomes torn between following his orders and protecting the world he feels is his home.",
"Language": "English, Spanish",
"Country": "USA, UK",
"Awards": "Won 3 Oscars. Another 80 wins & 121 nominations.",
"Poster": "http://ia.media-imdb.com/images/M/MV5BMTYwOTEwNjAzMl5BMl5BanBnXkFtZTcwODc5MTUwMw@@._V1_SX300.jpg",
"Metascore": "83",
"imdbRating": "7.9",
"imdbVotes": "876,575",
"imdbID": "tt0499549",
"Type": "movie",
"Response": "True"
}
];
function getRating(watchList) {
let averageRating;
const rating = watchList
.filter(obj => obj.Director === "Christopher Nolan")
.map(obj => Number(obj.imdbRating));
averageRating = rating.reduce((accum, curr) => accum + curr)/rating.length;
return averageRating;
}