IMPALA-5741: Initial support for reading tiny RDBMS tables

This patch uses the "external data source" mechanism in Impala to
implement data source for querying JDBC.
It has some limitations due to the restrictions of "external data
source":
  - It is not distributed, e.g, fragment is unpartitioned. The queries
    are executed on coordinator.
  - Queries which read following data types from external JDBC tables
    are not supported:
    BINARY, CHAR, DATETIME, and COMPLEX.
  - Only support binary predicates with operators =, !=, <=, >=,
    <, > to be pushed to RDBMS.
  - Following data types are not supported for predicates:
    DECIMAL, TIMESTAMP, DATE, and BINARY.
  - External tables with complex types of columns are not supported.
  - Support is limited to the following databases:
    MySQL, Postgres, Oracle, MSSQL, H2, DB2, and JETHRO_DATA.
  - Catalog V2 is not supported (IMPALA-7131).
  - DataSource objects are not persistent (IMPALA-12375).

Additional fixes are planned on top of this patch.

Source files under jdbc/conf, jdbc/dao and jdbc/exception are
replicated from Hive JDBC Storage Handler.

In order to query the RDBMS tables, the following steps should be
followed (note that existing data source table will be rebuilt):
1. Make sure the Impala cluster has been started.

2. Copy the jar files of JDBC drivers and the data source library into
HDFS.
${IMPALA_HOME}/testdata/bin/copy-ext-data-sources.sh

3. Create an `alltypes` table in the Postgres database.
${IMPALA_HOME}/testdata/bin/load-ext-data-sources.sh

4. Create data source tables (alltypes_jdbc_datasource and
alltypes_jdbc_datasource_2).
${IMPALA_HOME}/bin/impala-shell.sh -f\
  ${IMPALA_HOME}/testdata/bin/create-ext-data-source-table.sql

5. It's ready to run query to access data source tables created
in last step. Don't need to restart Impala cluster.

Testing:
 - Added unit-test for Postgres and ran unit-test with JDBC driver
   postgresql-42.5.1.jar.
 - Ran manual unit-test for MySql with JDBC driver
   mysql-connector-j-8.1.0.jar.
 - Ran core tests successfully.

Change-Id: I8244e978c7717c6f1452f66f1630b6441392e7d2
Reviewed-on: http://gerrit.cloudera.org:8080/17842
Reviewed-by: Wenzhe Zhou <wzhou@cloudera.com>
Reviewed-by: Kurt Deschler <kdeschle@cloudera.com>
Reviewed-by: Riza Suminto <riza.suminto@cloudera.com>
Tested-by: Impala Public Jenkins <impala-public-jenkins@cloudera.com>

testdata/bin/create-ext-data-source-table.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,98 @@
+--
+-- Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+-- or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+-- distributed with this work for additional information
+-- regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+-- to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+-- "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+-- with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+--
+--   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+--
+-- Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+-- software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+-- "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+-- KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+-- specific language governing permissions and limitations
+-- under the License.
+
+-- Create test data sources and tables
+
+USE functional;
+
+DROP DATA SOURCE IF EXISTS AllTypesDataSource;
+CREATE DATA SOURCE AllTypesDataSource
+LOCATION '/test-warehouse/data-sources/test-data-source.jar'
+CLASS 'org.apache.impala.extdatasource.AllTypesDataSource'
+API_VERSION 'V1';
+
+DROP TABLE IF EXISTS alltypes_datasource;
+CREATE TABLE alltypes_datasource (
+  id INT,
+  bool_col BOOLEAN,
+  tinyint_col TINYINT,
+  smallint_col SMALLINT,
+  int_col INT,
+  bigint_col BIGINT,
+  float_col FLOAT,
+  double_col DOUBLE,
+  timestamp_col TIMESTAMP,
+  string_col STRING,
+  dec_col1 DECIMAL(9,0),
+  dec_col2 DECIMAL(10,0),
+  dec_col3 DECIMAL(20,10),
+  dec_col4 DECIMAL(38,37),
+  dec_col5 DECIMAL(10,5),
+  date_col DATE)
+PRODUCED BY DATA SOURCE AllTypesDataSource("TestInitString");
+
+DROP DATA SOURCE IF EXISTS JdbcDataSource;
+CREATE DATA SOURCE JdbcDataSource
+LOCATION '/test-warehouse/data-sources/jdbc-data-source.jar'
+CLASS 'org.apache.impala.extdatasource.jdbc.JdbcDataSource'
+API_VERSION 'V1';
+
+DROP TABLE IF EXISTS alltypes_jdbc_datasource;
+CREATE TABLE alltypes_jdbc_datasource (
+ id INT,
+ bool_col BOOLEAN,
+ tinyint_col TINYINT,
+ smallint_col SMALLINT,
+ int_col INT,
+ bigint_col BIGINT,
+ float_col FLOAT,
+ double_col DOUBLE,
+ date_string_col STRING,
+ string_col STRING,
+ timestamp_col TIMESTAMP)
+PRODUCED BY DATA SOURCE JdbcDataSource(
+'{"database.type":"POSTGRES",
+"jdbc.url":"jdbc:postgresql://localhost:5432/functional",
+"jdbc.driver":"org.postgresql.Driver",
+"driver.url":"/test-warehouse/data-sources/jdbc-drivers/postgresql-jdbc.jar",
+"dbcp.username":"hiveuser",
+"dbcp.password":"password",
+"table":"alltypes"}');
+
+DROP TABLE IF EXISTS alltypes_jdbc_datasource_2;
+CREATE TABLE alltypes_jdbc_datasource_2 (
+ id INT,
+ bool_col BOOLEAN,
+ tinyint_col TINYINT,
+ smallint_col SMALLINT,
+ int_col INT,
+ bigint_col BIGINT,
+ float_col FLOAT,
+ double_col DOUBLE,
+ date_string_col STRING,
+ string_col STRING,
+ timestamp_col TIMESTAMP)
+PRODUCED BY DATA SOURCE JdbcDataSource(
+'{"database.type":"POSTGRES",
+"jdbc.url":"jdbc:postgresql://localhost:5432/functional",
+"jdbc.driver":"org.postgresql.Driver",
+"driver.url":"hdfs://localhost:20500/test-warehouse/data-sources/jdbc-drivers/postgresql-jdbc.jar",
+"dbcp.username":"hiveuser",
+"dbcp.password":"password",
+"table":"AllTypesWithQuote",
+"column.mapping":"id=id, bool_col=Bool_col, tinyint_col=Tinyint_col, smallint_col=Smallint_col, int_col=Int_col, bigint_col=Bigint_col, float_col=Float_col, double_col=Double_col, date_string_col=Date_string_col, string_col=String_col, timestamp=Timestamp"}');