IMPALA-9512: Full ACID Milestone 2: Validate rows against the valid write id list

Minor compactions can compact several delta directories into a single
delta directory. The current directory filtering algorithm had to be
modified to handle minor compacted directories and prefer those over
plain delta directories. This happens in the Frontend, mostly in
AcidUtils.java.

Hive Streaming Ingestion writes similar delta directories, but they
might contain rows Impala cannot see based on its valid write id list.

E.g. we can have the following delta directory:

full_acid/delta_0000001_0000010/0000 # minWriteId: 1
                                     # maxWriteId: 10

This delta dir contains rows with write ids between 1 and 10. But maybe
we are only allowed to see write ids less than 5. Therefore we need to
check the ACID write id column (named originalTransaction) to determine
which rows are valid.

Delta directories written by Hive Streaming don't have a visibility txn
id, so we can recognize them based on the directory name. If there's
a visibilityTxnId and it is committed => every row is valid:

full_acid/delta_0000001_0000010_v01234 # has visibilityTxnId
                                       # every row is valid

If there's no visibilityTxnId then it was created via Hive Streaming,
therefore we need to validate rows. Fortunately Hive Streaming writes
rows with different write ids into different ORC stripes, therefore we
don't need to validate the write id per row. If we had statistics,
we could validate per stripe, but since Hive Streaming doesn't write
statistics we validate the write id per ORC row batch (an alternative
could be to do a 2-pass read, first we'd read a single value from each
stripe's 'currentTransaction' field, then we'd read the stripe if the
write id is valid).

Testing
 * the frontend logic is tested in AcidUtilsTest
 * the backend row validation is tested in test_acid_row_validation

Change-Id: I5ed74585a2d73ebbcee763b0545be4412926299d
Reviewed-on: http://gerrit.cloudera.org:8080/15818
Reviewed-by: Impala Public Jenkins <impala-public-jenkins@cloudera.com>
Tested-by: Impala Public Jenkins <impala-public-jenkins@cloudera.com>

testdata/datasets/functional/functional_schema_template.sql

@@ -711,6 +711,30 @@ INSERT OVERWRITE TABLE {db_name}{db_suffix}.{table_name} SELECT * FROM functiona
 ---- DATASET
 functional
 ---- BASE_TABLE_NAME
+complextypestbl_minor_compacted
+---- COLUMNS
+id bigint
+int_array array<int>
+int_array_array array<array<int>>
+int_map map<string, int>
+int_map_array array<map<string, int>>
+nested_struct struct<a: int, b: array<int>, c: struct<d: array<array<struct<e: int, f: string>>>>, g: map<string, struct<h: struct<i: array<double>>>>>
+---- DEPENDENT_LOAD_ACID
+INSERT INTO TABLE {db_name}{db_suffix}.{table_name} SELECT * FROM {db_name}{db_suffix}.complextypestbl where id = 1;
+INSERT INTO TABLE {db_name}{db_suffix}.{table_name} SELECT * FROM {db_name}{db_suffix}.complextypestbl where id = 2;
+INSERT INTO TABLE {db_name}{db_suffix}.{table_name} SELECT * FROM {db_name}{db_suffix}.complextypestbl where id = 3;
+INSERT INTO TABLE {db_name}{db_suffix}.{table_name} SELECT * FROM {db_name}{db_suffix}.complextypestbl where id = 4;
+INSERT INTO TABLE {db_name}{db_suffix}.{table_name} SELECT * FROM {db_name}{db_suffix}.complextypestbl where id = 5;
+INSERT INTO TABLE {db_name}{db_suffix}.{table_name} SELECT * FROM {db_name}{db_suffix}.complextypestbl where id = 6;
+INSERT INTO TABLE {db_name}{db_suffix}.{table_name} SELECT * FROM {db_name}{db_suffix}.complextypestbl where id = 7;
+INSERT INTO TABLE {db_name}{db_suffix}.{table_name} SELECT * FROM {db_name}{db_suffix}.complextypestbl where id = 8;
+ALTER TABLE {db_name}{db_suffix}.{table_name} compact 'minor';
+---- TABLE_PROPERTIES
+transactional=true
+====
+---- DATASET
+functional
+---- BASE_TABLE_NAME
 complextypestbl_non_transactional
 ---- COLUMNS
 id bigint