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Change-Id: I43e0a782087c2e67f2e012424fb9261be445efc9 Reviewed-on: http://gerrit.cloudera.org:8080/9030 Reviewed-by: Alex Rodoni <arodoni@cloudera.com> Reviewed-by: Kim Jin Chul <jinchul@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: John Russell <jrussell@cloudera.com> Tested-by: Impala Public Jenkins
126 lines
4.6 KiB
XML
126 lines
4.6 KiB
XML
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
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<!--
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Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
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or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file
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distributed with this work for additional information
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regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file
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to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
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"License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
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with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
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http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
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Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
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software distributed under the License is distributed on an
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"AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
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KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the
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specific language governing permissions and limitations
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under the License.
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-->
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<!DOCTYPE concept PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DITA Concept//EN" "concept.dtd">
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<concept id="upsert" rev="kudu IMPALA-3725">
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<title>UPSERT Statement (<keyword keyref="impala28"/> or higher only)</title>
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<titlealts audience="PDF"><navtitle>UPSERT</navtitle></titlealts>
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<prolog>
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<metadata>
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<data name="Category" value="Impala"/>
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<data name="Category" value="SQL"/>
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<data name="Category" value="Kudu"/>
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<data name="Category" value="ETL"/>
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<data name="Category" value="Ingest"/>
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<data name="Category" value="DML"/>
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<data name="Category" value="Developers"/>
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<data name="Category" value="Data Analysts"/>
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</metadata>
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</prolog>
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<conbody>
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<p>
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<indexterm audience="hidden">UPSERT statement</indexterm>
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Acts as a combination of the <codeph>INSERT</codeph>
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and <codeph>UPDATE</codeph> statements.
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For each row processed by the <codeph>UPSERT</codeph>
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statement:
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<ul>
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<li>
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<p>
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If another row already exists with the same set of primary key
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values, the other columns are updated to match the values
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from the row being <q>UPSERTed</q>.
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</p>
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</li>
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<li>
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<p>
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If there is not any row with the same set of primary key values,
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the row is created, the same as if the <codeph>INSERT</codeph>
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statement was used.
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</p>
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</li>
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</ul>
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</p>
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<p>
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This statement only works for Impala tables that use the Kudu storage engine.
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</p>
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<p conref="../shared/impala_common.xml#common/syntax_blurb"/>
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<codeblock>
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UPSERT <ph rev="2.12.0 IMPALA-4168">[<varname>hint_clause</varname>]</ph> INTO [TABLE] [<varname>db_name</varname>.]<varname>table_name</varname>
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[(<varname>column_list</varname>)]
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{
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[<varname>hint_clause</varname>] <varname>select_statement</varname>
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| VALUES (<varname>value</varname> [, <varname>value</varname> ...]) [, (<varname>value</varname> [, <varname>value</varname> ...]) ...]
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}
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hint_clause ::= [SHUFFLE] | [NOSHUFFLE]
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(Note: the square brackets are part of the syntax.)
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</codeblock>
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<p>
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The <varname>select_statement</varname> clause can use the full syntax, such as
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<codeph>WHERE</codeph> and join clauses, as <xref href="impala_select.xml#select"/>.
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</p>
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<p conref="../shared/impala_common.xml#common/dml_blurb_kudu"/>
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<p conref="../shared/impala_common.xml#common/usage_notes_blurb"/>
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<p>
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If you specify a column list, any omitted columns in the inserted or updated rows are
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set to their default value (if the column has one) or <codeph>NULL</codeph> (if the
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column does not have a default value). Therefore, if a column is not nullable and
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has no default value, it must be included in the column list for any <codeph>UPSERT</codeph>
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statement. Because all primary key columns meet these conditions, all the primary key
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columns must be specified in every <codeph>UPSERT</codeph> statement.
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</p>
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<p>
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Because Kudu tables can efficiently handle small incremental changes, the <codeph>VALUES</codeph>
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clause is more practical to use with Kudu tables than with HDFS-based tables.
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</p>
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<note conref="../shared/impala_common.xml#common/compute_stats_next"/>
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<p conref="../shared/impala_common.xml#common/example_blurb"/>
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<codeblock>
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UPSERT INTO kudu_table (pk, c1, c2, c3) VALUES (0, 'hello', 50, true), (1, 'world', -1, false);
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UPSERT INTO production_table SELECT * FROM staging_table;
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UPSERT INTO production_table SELECT * FROM staging_table WHERE c1 IS NOT NULL AND c2 > 0;
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</codeblock>
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<p conref="../shared/impala_common.xml#common/related_info"/>
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<p>
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<xref href="impala_kudu.xml#impala_kudu"/>,
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<xref href="impala_insert.xml#insert"/>,
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<xref href="impala_update.xml#update"/>
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</p>
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</conbody>
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</concept>
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