// Copyright (c) The OpenTofu Authors
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MPL-2.0
// Copyright (c) 2023 HashiCorp, Inc.
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MPL-2.0

package tofu

import (
	"context"
	"log"

	"github.com/opentofu/opentofu/internal/addrs"
	"github.com/opentofu/opentofu/internal/dag"
	"github.com/opentofu/opentofu/internal/plans"
)

// GraphNodeDestroyer must be implemented by nodes that destroy resources.
type GraphNodeDestroyer interface {
	dag.Vertex

	// DestroyAddr is the address of the resource that is being
	// destroyed by this node. If this returns nil, then this node
	// is not destroying anything.
	DestroyAddr() *addrs.AbsResourceInstance

	// DestroyReferences is the equivalent of [GraphNodeReferencer.References]
	// for destroy-related nodes, representing the fact that when destroying
	// we only care about references in the subset of expressions that relate
	// to destroying. Destroy is _mostly_ a state-only operation, but considers
	// some metadata from the configuration when available to influence how
	// destroying is planned.
	DestroyReferences() []*addrs.Reference
}

// GraphNodeCreator must be implemented by nodes that create OR update resources.
type GraphNodeCreator interface {
	// CreateAddr is the address of the resource being created or updated
	CreateAddr() *addrs.AbsResourceInstance
}

// DestroyEdgeTransformer is a GraphTransformer that creates the proper
// references for destroy resources. Destroy resources are more complex
// in that they must be depend on the destruction of resources that
// in turn depend on the CREATION of the node being destroy.
//
// That is complicated. Visually:
//
//	B_d -> A_d -> A -> B
//
// Notice that A destroy depends on B destroy, while B create depends on
// A create. They're inverted. This must be done for example because often
// dependent resources will block parent resources from deleting. Concrete
// example: VPC with subnets, the VPC can't be deleted while there are
// still subnets.
type DestroyEdgeTransformer struct {
	// FIXME: GraphNodeCreators are not always applying changes, and should not
	// participate in the destroy graph if there are no operations which could
	// interact with destroy nodes. We need Changes for now to detect the
	// action type, but perhaps this should be indicated somehow by the
	// DiffTransformer which was intended to be the only transformer operating
	// from the change set.
	Changes *plans.Changes

	// FIXME: Operation will not be needed here one we can better track
	// inter-provider dependencies and remove the cycle checks in
	// tryInterProviderDestroyEdge.
	Operation walkOperation
}

// tryInterProviderDestroyEdge checks if we're inserting a destroy edge
// across a provider boundary, and only adds the edge if it results in no cycles.
//
// FIXME: The cycles can arise in valid configurations when a provider depends
// on resources from another provider. In the future we may want to inspect
// the dependencies of the providers themselves, to avoid needing to use the
// blunt hammer of checking for cycles.
//
// A reduced example of this dependency problem looks something like:
/*

createA <-               createB
  |        \            /    |
  |         providerB <-     |
  v                     \    v
destroyA ------------->  destroyB

*/
//
// The edge from destroyA to destroyB would be skipped in this case, but there
// are still other combinations of changes which could connect the A and B
// groups around providerB in various ways.
//
// The most difficult problem here happens during a full destroy operation.
// That creates a special case where resources on which a provider depends must
// exist for evaluation before they are destroyed. This means that any provider
// dependencies must wait until all that provider's resources have first been
// destroyed. This is where these cross-provider edges are still required to
// ensure the correct order.
func (t *DestroyEdgeTransformer) tryInterProviderDestroyEdge(g *Graph, from, to dag.Vertex) {
	e := dag.BasicEdge(from, to)
	g.Connect(e)

	// If this is a complete destroy operation, then there are no create/update
	// nodes to worry about and we can accept the edge without deeper inspection.
	if t.Operation == walkDestroy || t.Operation == walkPlanDestroy {
		return
	}

	// getComparableProvider inspects the node to try and get the most precise
	// description of the provider being used to help determine if 2 nodes are
	// from the same provider instance.
	getComparableProvider := func(pc GraphNodeProviderConsumer) string {
		p := pc.ProvidedBy()
		switch p := p.ProviderConfig.(type) {
		case addrs.AbsProviderConfig:
			return p.String()
		case addrs.LocalProviderConfig:
			return p.String()
		}
		return pc.Provider().String()
	}

	pc, ok := from.(GraphNodeProviderConsumer)
	if !ok {
		return
	}
	fromProvider := getComparableProvider(pc)

	pc, ok = to.(GraphNodeProviderConsumer)
	if !ok {
		return
	}
	toProvider := getComparableProvider(pc)

	// Check for cycles, and back out the edge if there are any.
	// The cycles we are looking for only appears between providers, so don't
	// waste time checking for cycles if both nodes use the same provider.
	if fromProvider != toProvider && len(g.Cycles()) > 0 {
		log.Printf("[DEBUG] DestroyEdgeTransformer: skipping inter-provider edge %s->%s which creates a cycle",
			dag.VertexName(from), dag.VertexName(to))
		g.RemoveEdge(e)
	}
}

func (t *DestroyEdgeTransformer) Transform(_ context.Context, g *Graph) error {
	// Build a map of what is being destroyed (by address string) to
	// the list of destroyers.
	destroyers := make(map[string][]GraphNodeDestroyer)

	// Record the creators, which will need to depend on the destroyers if they
	// are only being updated.
	creators := make(map[string][]GraphNodeCreator)

	// destroyersByResource records each destroyer by the ConfigResource
	// address.  We use this because dependencies are only referenced as
	// resources and have no index or module instance information, but we will
	// want to connect all the individual instances for correct ordering.
	destroyersByResource := make(map[string][]GraphNodeDestroyer)
	for _, v := range g.Vertices() {
		switch n := v.(type) {
		case GraphNodeDestroyer:
			addrP := n.DestroyAddr()
			if addrP == nil {
				log.Printf("[WARN] DestroyEdgeTransformer: %q (%T) has no destroy address", dag.VertexName(n), v)
				continue
			}
			addr := *addrP

			key := addr.String()
			log.Printf("[TRACE] DestroyEdgeTransformer: %q (%T) destroys %s", dag.VertexName(n), v, key)
			destroyers[key] = append(destroyers[key], n)

			resAddr := addr.ContainingResource().Config().String()
			destroyersByResource[resAddr] = append(destroyersByResource[resAddr], n)
		case GraphNodeCreator:
			addr := n.CreateAddr()
			cfgAddr := addr.ContainingResource().Config().String()

			if t.Changes == nil {
				// unit tests may not have changes
				creators[cfgAddr] = append(creators[cfgAddr], n)
				break
			}

			// NoOp and Open changes should not participate in the destroy dependencies.
			rc := t.Changes.ResourceInstance(*addr)
			if rc != nil && rc.Action != plans.NoOp {
				creators[cfgAddr] = append(creators[cfgAddr], n)
			}
		}
	}

	// If we aren't destroying anything, there will be no edges to make
	// so just exit early and avoid future work.
	if len(destroyers) == 0 {
		return nil
	}

	// Go through and connect creators to destroyers. Going along with
	// our example, this makes: A_d => A
	for _, v := range g.Vertices() {
		cn, ok := v.(GraphNodeCreator)
		if !ok {
			continue
		}

		addr := cn.CreateAddr()
		if addr == nil {
			continue
		}

		for _, d := range destroyers[addr.String()] {
			// For illustrating our example
			a_d := d.(dag.Vertex)
			a := v

			log.Printf(
				"[TRACE] DestroyEdgeTransformer: connecting creator %q with destroyer %q",
				dag.VertexName(a), dag.VertexName(a_d))

			g.Connect(dag.BasicEdge(a, a_d))
		}
	}

	// connect creators to any destroyers on which they may depend
	for _, cs := range creators {
		for _, c := range cs {
			ri, ok := c.(GraphNodeResourceInstance)
			if !ok {
				continue
			}

			for _, resAddr := range ri.StateDependencies() {
				for _, desDep := range destroyersByResource[resAddr.String()] {
					if !graphNodesAreResourceInstancesInDifferentInstancesOfSameModule(c, desDep) {
						log.Printf("[TRACE] DestroyEdgeTransformer: %s has stored dependency of %s\n", dag.VertexName(c), dag.VertexName(desDep))
						g.Connect(dag.BasicEdge(c, desDep))
					} else {
						log.Printf("[TRACE] DestroyEdgeTransformer: skipping %s => %s inter-module-instance dependency\n", dag.VertexName(c), dag.VertexName(desDep))
					}
				}
			}
		}
	}

	// Connect destroy dependencies as stored in the state
	for _, ds := range destroyers {
		for _, des := range ds {
			ri, ok := des.(GraphNodeResourceInstance)
			if !ok {
				continue
			}

			for _, resAddr := range ri.StateDependencies() {
				for _, desDep := range destroyersByResource[resAddr.String()] {
					if !graphNodesAreResourceInstancesInDifferentInstancesOfSameModule(desDep, des) {
						log.Printf("[TRACE] DestroyEdgeTransformer: %s has stored dependency of %s\n", dag.VertexName(desDep), dag.VertexName(des))
						t.tryInterProviderDestroyEdge(g, desDep, des)
					} else {
						log.Printf("[TRACE] DestroyEdgeTransformer: skipping %s => %s inter-module-instance dependency\n", dag.VertexName(desDep), dag.VertexName(des))
					}
				}

				// We can have some create or update nodes which were
				// dependents of the destroy node. If they have no destroyer
				// themselves, make the connection directly from the creator.
				for _, createDep := range creators[resAddr.String()] {
					if !graphNodesAreResourceInstancesInDifferentInstancesOfSameModule(createDep, des) {
						log.Printf("[DEBUG] DestroyEdgeTransformer2: %s has stored dependency of %s\n", dag.VertexName(createDep), dag.VertexName(des))
						t.tryInterProviderDestroyEdge(g, createDep, des)
					} else {
						log.Printf("[TRACE] DestroyEdgeTransformer2: skipping %s => %s inter-module-instance dependency\n", dag.VertexName(createDep), dag.VertexName(des))
					}
				}
			}
		}
	}

	return nil
}

// Remove any nodes that aren't needed when destroying modules.
// Variables, outputs, locals, and expanders may not be able to evaluate
// correctly, so we can remove these if nothing depends on them. The module
// closers also need to disable their use of expansion if the module itself is
// no longer present.
type pruneUnusedNodesTransformer struct {
	// The plan graph builder will skip this transformer except during a full
	// destroy. Planing normally involves all nodes, but during a destroy plan
	// we may need to prune things which are in the configuration but do not
	// exist in state to evaluate.
	Op walkOperation
}

func (t *pruneUnusedNodesTransformer) Transform(_ context.Context, g *Graph) error {
	if t.Op != walkPlanDestroy && t.Op != walkDestroy && t.Op != walkApply {
		return nil
	}

	// We need a reverse depth first walk of modules, processing them in order
	// from the leaf modules to the root. This allows us to remove unneeded
	// dependencies from child modules, freeing up nodes in the parent module
	// to also be removed.

	nodes := g.Vertices()

	for removed := true; removed; {
		removed = false

		for i := 0; i < len(nodes); i++ {
			// run this in a closure, so we can return early rather than
			// dealing with complex looping and labels
			func() {
				n := nodes[i]
				switch n := n.(type) {
				case graphNodeTemporaryValue:
					// root module outputs indicate they are not temporary by
					// returning false here.
					if !n.temporaryValue(t.Op) {
						log.Printf("[TRACE] pruneUnusedNodes: temporary value vertex %q kept because it's not a temporary value vertex", dag.VertexName(n))
						return
					}

					// temporary values, which consist of variables, locals,
					// and outputs, must be kept if anything refers to them.
					for _, v := range g.UpEdges(n) {
						// keep any value which is connected through a
						// reference
						if _, ok := v.(GraphNodeReferencer); ok {
							log.Printf("[TRACE] pruneUnusedNodes: temporary value vertex %q kept it is referenced by %q", dag.VertexName(n), dag.VertexName(v))
							return
						}
					}

				case graphNodeRetainedByPruneUnusedNodesTransformer:
					// Any nodes that expand instances are kept when their
					// instances may need to be evaluated.
					up := g.UpEdges(n)
					for _, v := range up {
						switch v.(type) {
						case graphNodeRetainedByPruneUnusedNodesTransformer, GraphNodeDynamicExpandable:
							// Root module output values or checks (which the following
							// condition matches) are exempt because we know
							// there is only ever exactly one instance of the
							// root module, and so it's not actually important
							// to expand it and so this lets us do a bit more
							// pruning than we'd be able to do otherwise.
							if tmp, ok := v.(graphNodeTemporaryValue); ok && !tmp.temporaryValue(t.Op) {
								log.Printf("[TRACE] pruneUnusedNodes: expanding vertex %q kept because another expanding vertex %q with non-temporary value is one of its dependencies", dag.VertexName(n), dag.VertexName(v))
								continue
							}

							// expanders can always depend on module expansion
							// themselves
							log.Printf("[TRACE] pruneUnusedNodes: expanding vertex %q kept because another expanding vertex %q is one of its dependencies", dag.VertexName(n), dag.VertexName(v))
							return
						case GraphNodeResourceInstance:
							// resource instances always depend on their
							// resource node, which is an expander
							log.Printf("[TRACE] pruneUnusedNodes: expanding vertex %q kept because an instance vertex %q depends on it", dag.VertexName(n), dag.VertexName(v))
							return
						case GraphNodeProvider:
							// When a provider is referencing a resource managed by a different provider instance,
							// it means that we need to run that resource before actually configuring the dependant provider.
							log.Printf("[TRACE] pruneUnusedNodes: expanding vertex %q kept because a provider vertex %q depends on it", dag.VertexName(n), dag.VertexName(v))
							return
						}
					}
					// NOTE: Decided here to not add additional logic to skip pruning of the ephemeral resources
					//  expansion nodes. This will remove any ephemeral resources expansion nodes that are not referenced
					//  in any other place. Therefore, there is no need for an ephemeral to be opened during apply
					//  if its value will not be used.

				case GraphNodeProvider:
					// Only keep providers for evaluation if they have
					// resources to handle.
					// The provider transformers removed most unused providers
					// earlier, however there may be more to prune now based on
					// targeting or a destroy with no related instances in the
					// state.
					// TODO: consider replacing this with an actual "references" check instead of the simple type check below.
					// Due to provider functions, many provider references through GraphNodeReferencer still are required.
					des, _ := g.Descendents(n)
					for _, v := range des {
						switch v.(type) {
						case GraphNodeProviderConsumer:
							log.Printf("[TRACE] pruneUnusedNodes: provider vertex %q kept because vertex %q depends on it", dag.VertexName(n), dag.VertexName(v))
							return
						case GraphNodeReferencer:
							log.Printf("[TRACE] pruneUnusedNodes: provider vertex %q kept because vertex %q is referencing it", dag.VertexName(n), dag.VertexName(v))
							return
						}
					}

				default:
					log.Printf("[TRACE] pruneUnusedNodes: vertex %q kept", dag.VertexName(n))
					return
				}

				log.Printf("[DEBUG] pruneUnusedNodes: %s is no longer needed, removing", dag.VertexName(n))
				g.Remove(n)
				removed = true

				// remove the node from our iteration as well
				last := len(nodes) - 1
				nodes[i], nodes[last] = nodes[last], nodes[i]
				nodes = nodes[:last]

				// Now that we have shifted the next element into the i'th position, we need to re-inspect
				// the value at index i
				i -= 1
			}()
		}
	}

	return nil
}
