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website/docs/language/functions/file.mdx

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+---
+page_title: file - Functions - Configuration Language
+description: |-
+  The file function reads the contents of the file at the given path and
+  returns them as a string.
+---
+
+# `file` Function
+
+`file` reads the contents of a file at the given path and returns them as
+a string.
+
+```hcl
+file(path)
+```
+
+Strings in the Terraform language are sequences of Unicode characters, so
+this function will interpret the file contents as UTF-8 encoded text and
+return the resulting Unicode characters. If the file contains invalid UTF-8
+sequences then this function will produce an error.
+
+This function can be used only with files that already exist on disk
+at the beginning of a Terraform run. Functions do not participate in the
+dependency graph, so this function cannot be used with files that are generated
+dynamically during a Terraform operation. We do not recommend using dynamic
+local files in Terraform configurations, but in rare situations where this is
+necessary you can use
+[the `local_file` data source](https://registry.terraform.io/providers/hashicorp/local/latest/docs/data-sources/file)
+to read files while respecting resource dependencies.
+
+## Examples
+
+```
+> file("${path.module}/hello.txt")
+Hello World
+```
+
+## Related Functions
+
+* [`filebase64`](/language/functions/filebase64) also reads the contents of a given file,
+  but returns the raw bytes in that file Base64-encoded, rather than
+  interpreting the contents as UTF-8 text.
+* [`fileexists`](/language/functions/fileexists) determines whether a file exists
+  at a given path.
+* [`templatefile`](/language/functions/templatefile) renders using a file from disk as a
+  template.