Even better PyEditor offline use case (#2050)

* Even better PyEditor offline use case

* [pre-commit.ci] auto fixes from pre-commit.com hooks

for more information, see https://pre-commit.ci

* [pre-commit.ci] auto fixes from pre-commit.com hooks

for more information, see https://pre-commit.ci

---------

Co-authored-by: pre-commit-ci[bot] <66853113+pre-commit-ci[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>

.github/workflows/prepare-release.yml

@@ -17,12 +17,12 @@ jobs:
               uses: actions/checkout@v4
 
             - name: Install node
-              uses: actions/setup-node@v3
+              uses: actions/setup-node@v4
               with:
                   node-version: 18.x
 
             - name: Cache node modules
-              uses: actions/cache@v3
+              uses: actions/cache@v4
               env:
                   cache-name: cache-node-modules
               with:
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ jobs:
               run: zip -r -q ./build.zip ./dist
 
             - name: Prepare Release
-              uses: softprops/action-gh-release@v1
+              uses: softprops/action-gh-release@v2
               with:
                   draft: true
                   prerelease: true

.github/workflows/publish-release.yml

@@ -19,12 +19,12 @@ jobs:
               uses: actions/checkout@v4
 
             - name: Install node
-              uses: actions/setup-node@v3
+              uses: actions/setup-node@v4
               with:
                   node-version: 18.x
 
             - name: Cache node modules
-              uses: actions/cache@v3
+              uses: actions/cache@v4
               env:
                   cache-name: cache-node-modules
               with:

.github/workflows/publish-snapshot.yml

@@ -23,12 +23,12 @@ jobs:
               uses: actions/checkout@v4
 
             - name: Install node
-              uses: actions/setup-node@v3
+              uses: actions/setup-node@v4
               with:
                   node-version: 18.x
 
             - name: Cache node modules
-              uses: actions/cache@v3
+              uses: actions/cache@v4
               env:
                   cache-name: cache-node-modules
               with:

.github/workflows/publish-unstable.yml

@@ -24,12 +24,12 @@ jobs:
               uses: actions/checkout@v4
 
             - name: Install node
-              uses: actions/setup-node@v3
+              uses: actions/setup-node@v4
               with:
                   node-version: 18.x
 
             - name: Cache node modules
-              uses: actions/cache@v3
+              uses: actions/cache@v4
               env:
                   cache-name: cache-node-modules
               with:

.github/workflows/test.yml

@@ -37,12 +37,12 @@ jobs:
               run: git log --graph -3
 
             - name: Install node
-              uses: actions/setup-node@v3
+              uses: actions/setup-node@v4
               with:
                   node-version: 20.x
 
             - name: Cache node modules
-              uses: actions/cache@v3
+              uses: actions/cache@v4
               env:
                   cache-name: cache-node-modules
               with:
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ jobs:
                       ${{ runner.os }}-
 
             - name: setup Miniconda
-              uses: conda-incubator/setup-miniconda@v2
+              uses: conda-incubator/setup-miniconda@v3
 
             - name: Create and activate virtual environment
               run: |
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ jobs:
               run: |
                   make test-integration
 
-            - uses: actions/upload-artifact@v3
+            - uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
               with:
                   name: pyscript
                   path: |
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ jobs:
                   if-no-files-found: error
                   retention-days: 7
 
-            - uses: actions/upload-artifact@v3
+            - uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
               if: success() || failure()
               with:
                   name: test_results

.github/workflows/test_report.yml

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ jobs:
     report:
         runs-on: ubuntu-latest-8core
         steps:
-            - uses: dorny/test-reporter@v1.6.0
+            - uses: dorny/test-reporter@v1.9.0
               with:
                   artifact: test_results
                   name: Test reports

.pre-commit-config.yaml

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ ci:
 default_stages: [commit]
 repos:
     - repo: https://github.com/pre-commit/pre-commit-hooks
-      rev: v4.5.0
+      rev: v4.6.0
       hooks:
           - id: check-builtin-literals
           - id: check-case-conflict
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ repos:
           - id: trailing-whitespace
 
     - repo: https://github.com/psf/black
-      rev: 24.1.1
+      rev: 24.4.2
       hooks:
           - id: black
             exclude: pyscript\.core/src/stdlib/pyscript/__init__\.py

pyscript.core/package.json

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
     "name": "@pyscript/core",
-    "version": "0.4.6",
+    "version": "0.4.31",
     "type": "module",
     "description": "PyScript",
     "module": "./index.js",
@@ -20,13 +20,14 @@
     },
     "scripts": {
         "server": "npx static-handler --coi .",
-        "build": "npm run build:3rd-party && npm run build:stdlib && npm run build:plugins && npm run build:core && eslint src/ && npm run ts && npm run test:mpy",
+        "build": "export ESLINT_USE_FLAT_CONFIG=false; npm run build:3rd-party && npm run build:stdlib && npm run build:plugins && npm run build:core && eslint src/ && npm run ts && npm run test:mpy",
         "build:core": "rm -rf dist && rollup --config rollup/core.config.js && cp src/3rd-party/*.css dist/",
         "build:plugins": "node rollup/plugins.cjs",
         "build:stdlib": "node rollup/stdlib.cjs",
         "build:3rd-party": "node rollup/3rd-party.cjs",
         "clean:3rd-party": "rm src/3rd-party/*.js && rm src/3rd-party/*.css",
-        "test:mpy": "static-handler --coi . 2>/dev/null & SH_PID=$!; EXIT_CODE=0; playwright test --fully-parallel test/ || EXIT_CODE=$?; kill $SH_PID 2>/dev/null; exit $EXIT_CODE",
+        "test:mpy": "static-handler --coi . 2>/dev/null & SH_PID=$!; EXIT_CODE=0; playwright test --fully-parallel test/mpy.spec.js || EXIT_CODE=$?; kill $SH_PID 2>/dev/null; exit $EXIT_CODE",
+        "test:ws": "bun test/ws/index.js & playwright test test/ws.spec.js",
         "dev": "node dev.cjs",
         "release": "npm run build && npm run zip",
         "size": "echo -e \"\\033[1mdist/*.js file size\\033[0m\"; for js in $(ls dist/*.js); do cat $js | brotli > ._; echo -e \"\\033[2m$js:\\033[0m $(du -h --apparent-size ._ | sed -e 's/[[:space:]]*._//')\"; rm ._; done",
@@ -42,31 +43,33 @@
     "dependencies": {
         "@ungap/with-resolvers": "^0.1.0",
         "basic-devtools": "^0.1.6",
-        "polyscript": "^0.11.0",
+        "polyscript": "^0.12.8",
         "sticky-module": "^0.1.1",
         "to-json-callback": "^0.1.1",
         "type-checked-collections": "^0.1.7"
     },
     "devDependencies": {
-        "@codemirror/commands": "^6.3.3",
+        "@codemirror/commands": "^6.5.0",
-        "@codemirror/lang-python": "^6.1.4",
+        "@codemirror/lang-python": "^6.1.6",
         "@codemirror/language": "^6.10.1",
         "@codemirror/state": "^6.4.1",
-        "@codemirror/view": "^6.25.1",
+        "@codemirror/view": "^6.26.3",
-        "@playwright/test": "^1.42.1",
+        "@playwright/test": "^1.44.0",
         "@rollup/plugin-commonjs": "^25.0.7",
         "@rollup/plugin-node-resolve": "^15.2.3",
         "@rollup/plugin-terser": "^0.4.4",
         "@webreflection/toml-j0.4": "^1.1.3",
-        "@xterm/addon-fit": "^0.9.0",
+        "@xterm/addon-fit": "^0.10.0",
+        "@xterm/addon-web-links": "^0.11.0",
+        "bun": "^1.1.7",
         "chokidar": "^3.6.0",
         "codemirror": "^6.0.1",
-        "eslint": "^8.57.0",
+        "eslint": "^9.2.0",
-        "rollup": "^4.12.1",
+        "rollup": "^4.17.2",
         "rollup-plugin-postcss": "^4.0.2",
         "rollup-plugin-string": "^3.0.0",
         "static-handler": "^0.4.3",
-        "typescript": "^5.4.2",
+        "typescript": "^5.4.5",
         "xterm": "^5.3.0",
         "xterm-readline": "^1.1.1"
     },

pyscript.core/rollup/3rd-party.cjs

@@ -51,6 +51,9 @@ const modules = {
     "xterm_addon-fit.js": fetch(`${CDN}/@xterm/addon-fit/+esm`).then((b) =>
         b.text(),
     ),
+    "xterm_addon-web-links.js": fetch(
+        `${CDN}/@xterm/addon-web-links/+esm`,
+    ).then((b) => b.text()),
     "xterm.css": fetch(`${CDN}/xterm@${v("xterm")}/css/xterm.min.css`).then(
         (b) => b.text(),
     ),

pyscript.core/src/core.js

@@ -26,6 +26,9 @@ import { ErrorCode } from "./exceptions.js";
 import { robustFetch as fetch, getText } from "./fetch.js";
 import { hooks, main, worker, codeFor, createFunction } from "./hooks.js";
 
+import { stdlib, optional } from "./stdlib.js";
+export { stdlib, optional };
+
 // generic helper to disambiguate between custom element and script
 const isScript = ({ tagName }) => tagName === "SCRIPT";
 
@@ -81,6 +84,9 @@ export {
     exportedWhenDefined as whenDefined,
 };
 
+export const offline_interpreter = (config) =>
+    config?.interpreter && new URL(config.interpreter, location.href).href;
+
 const hooked = new Map();
 
 for (const [TYPE, interpreter] of TYPES) {
@@ -165,7 +171,7 @@ for (const [TYPE, interpreter] of TYPES) {
             // specific main and worker hooks
             const hooks = {
                 main: {
-                    ...codeFor(main),
+                    ...codeFor(main, TYPE),
                     async onReady(wrap, element) {
                         registerModule(wrap);
 
@@ -262,7 +268,7 @@ for (const [TYPE, interpreter] of TYPES) {
                     },
                 },
                 worker: {
-                    ...codeFor(worker),
+                    ...codeFor(worker, TYPE),
                     // these are lazy getters that returns a composition
                     // of the current hooks or undefined, if no hook is present
                     get onReady() {
@@ -291,7 +297,7 @@ for (const [TYPE, interpreter] of TYPES) {
                 interpreter,
                 hooks,
                 env: `${TYPE}-script`,
-                version: config?.interpreter,
+                version: offline_interpreter(config),
                 onerror(error, element) {
                     errors.set(element, error);
                 },

pyscript.core/src/hooks.js

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import { typedSet } from "type-checked-collections";
 import { dedent } from "polyscript/exports";
 import toJSONCallback from "to-json-callback";
 
-import stdlib from "./stdlib.js";
+import { stdlib, optional } from "./stdlib.js";
 
 export const main = (name) => hooks.main[name];
 export const worker = (name) => hooks.worker[name];
@@ -15,10 +15,11 @@ const code = (hooks, branch, key, lib) => {
     };
 };
 
-export const codeFor = (branch) => {
+export const codeFor = (branch, type) => {
+    const pylib = type === "mpy" ? stdlib.replace(optional, "") : stdlib;
     const hooks = {};
-    code(hooks, branch, `codeBeforeRun`, stdlib);
+    code(hooks, branch, `codeBeforeRun`, pylib);
-    code(hooks, branch, `codeBeforeRunAsync`, stdlib);
+    code(hooks, branch, `codeBeforeRunAsync`, pylib);
     code(hooks, branch, `codeAfterRun`);
     code(hooks, branch, `codeAfterRunAsync`);
     return hooks;

pyscript.core/src/plugins/py-editor.js

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 // PyScript py-editor plugin
 import { Hook, XWorker, dedent } from "polyscript/exports";
-import { TYPES } from "../core.js";
+import { TYPES, offline_interpreter, stdlib } from "../core.js";
 
 const RUN_BUTTON = `<svg style="height:20px;width:20px;vertical-align:-.125em;transform-origin:center;overflow:visible;color:green" viewBox="0 0 384 512" aria-hidden="true" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g transform="translate(192 256)" transform-origin="96 0"><g transform="translate(0,0) scale(1,1)"><path d="M361 215C375.3 223.8 384 239.3 384 256C384 272.7 375.3 288.2 361 296.1L73.03 472.1C58.21 482 39.66 482.4 24.52 473.9C9.377 465.4 0 449.4 0 432V80C0 62.64 9.377 46.63 24.52 38.13C39.66 29.64 58.21 29.99 73.03 39.04L361 215z" fill="currentColor" transform="translate(-192 -256)"></path></g></g></svg>`;
 
@@ -8,13 +8,15 @@ let id = 0;
 const getID = (type) => `${type}-editor-${id++}`;
 
 const envs = new Map();
+const configs = new Map();
 
 const hooks = {
     worker: {
+        codeBeforeRun: () => stdlib,
         // works on both Pyodide and MicroPython
         onReady: ({ runAsync, io }, { sync }) => {
-            io.stdout = (line) => sync.write(line);
+            io.stdout = io.buffered(sync.write);
-            io.stderr = (line) => sync.writeErr(line);
+            io.stderr = io.buffered(sync.writeErr);
             sync.revoke();
             sync.runAsync = runAsync;
         },
@@ -32,9 +34,18 @@ async function execute({ currentTarget }) {
 
     if (!envs.has(env)) {
         const srcLink = URL.createObjectURL(new Blob([""]));
-        const xworker = XWorker.call(new Hook(null, hooks), srcLink, {
+        const details = { type: this.interpreter };
-            type: this.interpreter,
+        const { config } = this;
-        });
+        if (config) {
+            details.configURL = config;
+            const { parse } = config.endsWith(".toml")
+                ? await import(/* webpackIgnore: true */ "../3rd-party/toml.js")
+                : JSON;
+            details.config = parse(await fetch(config).then((r) => r.text()));
+            details.version = offline_interpreter(details.config);
+        }
+
+        const xworker = XWorker.call(new Hook(null, hooks), srcLink, details);
 
         const { sync } = xworker;
         const { promise, resolve } = Promise.withResolvers();
@@ -138,13 +149,28 @@ const init = async (script, type, interpreter) => {
     ]);
 
     const isSetup = script.hasAttribute("setup");
+    const hasConfig = script.hasAttribute("config");
     const env = `${interpreter}-${script.getAttribute("env") || getID(type)}`;
+
+    if (hasConfig && configs.has(env)) {
+        throw new SyntaxError(
+            configs.get(env)
+                ? `duplicated config for env: ${env}`
+                : `unable to add a config to the env: ${env}`,
+        );
+    }
+
+    configs.set(env, hasConfig);
+
     const source = script.src
         ? await fetch(script.src).then((b) => b.text())
         : script.textContent;
     const context = {
         interpreter,
         env,
+        config:
+            hasConfig &&
+            new URL(script.getAttribute("config"), location.href).href,
         get pySrc() {
             return isSetup ? source : editor.state.doc.toString();
         },
@@ -225,7 +251,7 @@ const resetTimeout = () => {
 };
 
 // triggered both ASAP on the living DOM and via MutationObserver later
-const pyEditor = async () => {
+const pyEditor = () => {
     if (timeout) return;
     timeout = setTimeout(resetTimeout, 250);
     for (const [type, interpreter] of TYPES) {

pyscript.core/src/plugins/py-terminal.js

@@ -1,11 +1,10 @@
 // PyScript py-terminal plugin
 import { TYPES, hooks } from "../core.js";
 import { notify } from "./error.js";
-import { defineProperty } from "polyscript/exports";
+import { customObserver, defineProperties } from "polyscript/exports";
 
-const SELECTOR = [...TYPES.keys()]
+// will contain all valid selectors
-    .map((type) => `script[type="${type}"][terminal],${type}-script[terminal]`)
+const SELECTORS = [];
-    .join(",");
 
 // show the error on main and
 // stops the module from keep executing
@@ -14,8 +13,6 @@ const notifyAndThrow = (message) => {
     throw new Error(message);
 };
 
-const notParsedYet = (script) => !bootstrapped.has(script);
-
 const onceOnMain = ({ attributes: { worker } }) => !worker;
 
 const bootstrapped = new WeakSet();
@@ -25,75 +22,128 @@ let addStyle = true;
 // this callback will be serialized as string and it never needs
 // to be invoked multiple times. Each xworker here is bootstrapped
 // only once thanks to the `sync.is_pyterminal()` check.
-const workerReady = ({ interpreter, io, run }, { sync }) => {
+const workerReady = ({ interpreter, io, run, type }, { sync }) => {
     if (!sync.is_pyterminal()) return;
 
     // in workers it's always safe to grab the polyscript currentScript
-    run("from polyscript.currentScript import terminal as __terminal__");
+    // the ugly `_` dance is due MicroPython not able to import via:
+    // `from polyscript.currentScript import terminal as __terminal__`
+    run(
+        "from polyscript import currentScript as _; __terminal__ = _.terminal; del _",
+    );
 
-    // This part is inevitably duplicated as external scope
-    // can't be reached by workers out of the box.
-    // The detail is that here we use sync though, not readline.
-    const decoder = new TextDecoder();
     let data = "";
+    const { pyterminal_read, pyterminal_write } = sync;
+    const decoder = new TextDecoder();
     const generic = {
-        isatty: true,
+        isatty: false,
         write(buffer) {
             data = decoder.decode(buffer);
-            sync.pyterminal_write(data);
+            pyterminal_write(data);
             return buffer.length;
         },
     };
+
+    // This part works already in both Pyodide and MicroPython
+    io.stderr = (error) => {
+        pyterminal_write(String(error.message || error));
+    };
+
+    // MicroPython has no code or code.interact()
+    // This part patches it in a way that simulates
+    // the code.interact() module in Pyodide.
+    if (type === "mpy") {
+        // monkey patch global input otherwise broken in MicroPython
+        interpreter.registerJsModule("_pyscript_input", {
+            input: pyterminal_read,
+        });
+        run("from _pyscript_input import input");
+
+        // this is needed to avoid truncated unicode in MicroPython
+        // the reason is that `linebuffer` false just send one byte
+        // per time and readline here doesn't like it much.
+        // MicroPython also has issues with code-points and
+        // replProcessChar(byte) but that function accepts only
+        // one byte per time so ... we have an issue!
+        // @see https://github.com/pyscript/pyscript/pull/2018
+        // @see https://github.com/WebReflection/buffer-points
+        const bufferPoints = (stdio) => {
+            const bytes = [];
+            let needed = 0;
+            return (buffer) => {
+                let written = 0;
+                for (const byte of buffer) {
+                    bytes.push(byte);
+                    // @see https://encoding.spec.whatwg.org/#utf-8-bytes-needed
+                    if (needed) needed--;
+                    else if (0xc2 <= byte && byte <= 0xdf) needed = 1;
+                    else if (0xe0 <= byte && byte <= 0xef) needed = 2;
+                    else if (0xf0 <= byte && byte <= 0xf4) needed = 3;
+                    if (!needed) {
+                        written += bytes.length;
+                        stdio(new Uint8Array(bytes.splice(0)));
+                    }
+                }
+                return written;
+            };
+        };
+
+        io.stdout = bufferPoints(generic.write);
+
+        // tiny shim of the code module with only interact
+        // to bootstrap a REPL like environment
+        interpreter.registerJsModule("code", {
+            interact() {
+                let input = "";
+                let length = 1;
+
+                const encoder = new TextEncoder();
+                const acc = [];
+                const handlePoints = bufferPoints((buffer) => {
+                    acc.push(...buffer);
+                    pyterminal_write(decoder.decode(buffer));
+                });
+
+                // avoid duplicating the output produced by the input
+                io.stdout = (buffer) =>
+                    length++ > input.length ? handlePoints(buffer) : 0;
+
+                interpreter.replInit();
+
+                // loop forever waiting for user inputs
+                (function repl() {
+                    const out = decoder.decode(new Uint8Array(acc.splice(0)));
+                    // print in current line only the last line produced by the REPL
+                    const data = `${pyterminal_read(out.split("\n").at(-1))}\r`;
+                    length = 0;
+                    input = encoder.encode(data);
+                    for (const c of input) interpreter.replProcessChar(c);
+                    repl();
+                })();
+            },
+        });
+    } else {
         interpreter.setStdout(generic);
         interpreter.setStderr(generic);
         interpreter.setStdin({
-        isatty: true,
+            isatty: false,
-        stdin: () => sync.pyterminal_read(data),
+            stdin: () => pyterminal_read(data),
         });
-
-    io.stderr = (error) => {
-        sync.pyterminal_write(`${error.message || error}\n`);
-    };
-};
-
-const pyTerminal = async () => {
-    const terminals = document.querySelectorAll(SELECTOR);
-
-    const unknown = [].filter.call(terminals, notParsedYet);
-
-    // no results will look further for runtime nodes
-    if (!unknown.length) return;
-    // early flag elements as known to avoid concurrent
-    // MutationObserver invokes of this async handler
-    else unknown.forEach(bootstrapped.add, bootstrapped);
-
-    // we currently support only one terminal as in "classic"
-    if ([].filter.call(terminals, onceOnMain).length > 1)
-        notifyAndThrow("You can use at most 1 main terminal");
-
-    // import styles lazily
-    if (addStyle) {
-        addStyle = false;
-        document.head.append(
-            Object.assign(document.createElement("link"), {
-                rel: "stylesheet",
-                href: new URL("./xterm.css", import.meta.url),
-            }),
-        );
     }
+};
 
+const pyTerminal = async (element) => {
     // lazy load these only when a valid terminal is found
-    const [{ Terminal }, { Readline }, { FitAddon }] = await Promise.all([
+    const [{ Terminal }, { Readline }, { FitAddon }, { WebLinksAddon }] =
+        await Promise.all([
             import(/* webpackIgnore: true */ "../3rd-party/xterm.js"),
             import(/* webpackIgnore: true */ "../3rd-party/xterm-readline.js"),
             import(/* webpackIgnore: true */ "../3rd-party/xterm_addon-fit.js"),
+            import(
+                /* webpackIgnore: true */ "../3rd-party/xterm_addon-web-links.js"
+            ),
         ]);
 
-    for (const element of unknown) {
-        // hopefully to be removed in the near future!
-        if (element.matches('script[type="mpy"],mpy-script'))
-            notifyAndThrow("Unsupported terminal.");
-
     const readline = new Readline();
 
     // common main thread initialization for both worker
@@ -121,10 +171,29 @@ const pyTerminal = async () => {
         const fitAddon = new FitAddon();
         terminal.loadAddon(fitAddon);
         terminal.loadAddon(readline);
+        terminal.loadAddon(new WebLinksAddon());
         terminal.open(target);
         fitAddon.fit();
         terminal.focus();
-            defineProperty(element, "terminal", { value: terminal });
+        defineProperties(element, {
+            terminal: { value: terminal },
+            process: {
+                value: async (code) => {
+                    // this loop is the only way I could find to actually simulate
+                    // the user input char after char in a way that works in both
+                    // MicroPython and Pyodide
+                    for (const line of code.split(/(?:\r|\n|\r\n)/)) {
+                        terminal.paste(`${line}\n`);
+                        do {
+                            await new Promise((resolve) =>
+                                setTimeout(resolve, 0),
+                            );
+                        } while (!readline.activeRead?.resolve);
+                        readline.activeRead.resolve(line);
+                    }
+                },
+            },
+        });
         return terminal;
     };
 
@@ -158,7 +227,7 @@ const pyTerminal = async () => {
     } else {
         // in the main case, just bootstrap XTerm without
         // allowing any input as that's not possible / awkward
-            hooks.main.onReady.add(function main({ interpreter, io, run }) {
+        hooks.main.onReady.add(function main({ interpreter, io, run, type }) {
             console.warn("py-terminal is read only on main thread");
             hooks.main.onReady.delete(main);
 
@@ -171,13 +240,22 @@ const pyTerminal = async () => {
             run("from js import __py_terminal__ as __terminal__");
             delete globalThis.__py_terminal__;
 
-                // This part is inevitably duplicated as external scope
+            io.stderr = (error) => {
-                // can't be reached by workers out of the box.
+                readline.write(String(error.message || error));
-                // The detail is that here we use readline here, not sync.
+            };
-                const decoder = new TextDecoder();
+
+            if (type === "mpy") {
+                interpreter.setStdin = Object; // as no-op
+                interpreter.setStderr = Object; // as no-op
+                interpreter.setStdout = ({ write }) => {
+                    io.stdout = write;
+                };
+            }
+
             let data = "";
+            const decoder = new TextDecoder();
             const generic = {
-                    isatty: true,
+                isatty: false,
                 write(buffer) {
                     data = decoder.decode(buffer);
                     readline.write(data);
@@ -187,20 +265,33 @@ const pyTerminal = async () => {
             interpreter.setStdout(generic);
             interpreter.setStderr(generic);
             interpreter.setStdin({
-                    isatty: true,
+                isatty: false,
                 stdin: () => readline.read(data),
             });
-
-                io.stderr = (error) => {
-                    readline.write(`${error.message || error}\n`);
-                };
         });
     }
-    }
 };
 
-const mo = new MutationObserver(pyTerminal);
+for (const key of TYPES.keys()) {
-mo.observe(document, { childList: true, subtree: true });
+    const selector = `script[type="${key}"][terminal],${key}-script[terminal]`;
+    SELECTORS.push(selector);
+    customObserver.set(selector, async (element) => {
+        // we currently support only one terminal on main as in "classic"
+        const terminals = document.querySelectorAll(SELECTORS.join(","));
+        if ([].filter.call(terminals, onceOnMain).length > 1)
+            notifyAndThrow("You can use at most 1 main terminal");
 
-// try to check the current document ASAP
+        // import styles lazily
-export default pyTerminal();
+        if (addStyle) {
+            addStyle = false;
+            document.head.append(
+                Object.assign(document.createElement("link"), {
+                    rel: "stylesheet",
+                    href: new URL("./xterm.css", import.meta.url),
+                }),
+            );
+        }
+
+        await pyTerminal(element);
+    });
+}

pyscript.core/src/stdlib.js

@@ -8,6 +8,27 @@
 
 import pyscript from "./stdlib/pyscript.js";
 
+class Ignore extends Array {
+    #add = false;
+    #paths;
+    #array;
+    constructor(array, ...paths) {
+        super();
+        this.#array = array;
+        this.#paths = paths;
+    }
+    push(...values) {
+        if (this.#add) super.push(...values);
+        return this.#array.push(...values);
+    }
+    path(path) {
+        for (const _path of this.#paths) {
+            // bails out at the first `true` value
+            if ((this.#add = path.startsWith(_path))) break;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
 const { entries } = Object;
 
 const python = [
@@ -16,16 +37,19 @@ const python = [
     "_path = None",
 ];
 
+const ignore = new Ignore(python, "./pyweb");
+
 const write = (base, literal) => {
     for (const [key, value] of entries(literal)) {
-        python.push(`_path = _Path("${base}/${key}")`);
+        ignore.path(`${base}/${key}`);
+        ignore.push(`_path = _Path("${base}/${key}")`);
         if (typeof value === "string") {
             const code = JSON.stringify(value);
-            python.push(`_path.write_text(${code},encoding="utf-8")`);
+            ignore.push(`_path.write_text(${code},encoding="utf-8")`);
         } else {
             // @see https://github.com/pyscript/pyscript/pull/1813#issuecomment-1781502909
-            python.push(`if not _os.path.exists("${base}/${key}"):`);
+            ignore.push(`if not _os.path.exists("${base}/${key}"):`);
-            python.push("    _path.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)");
+            ignore.push("    _path.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)");
             write(`${base}/${key}`, value);
         }
     }
@@ -42,4 +66,5 @@ python.push(
 );
 python.push("\n");
 
-export default python.join("\n");
+export const stdlib = python.join("\n");
+export const optional = ignore.join("\n");

pyscript.core/src/stdlib/pyscript/__init__.py

@@ -34,12 +34,14 @@ from pyscript.fetch import fetch
 from pyscript.magic_js import (
     RUNNING_IN_WORKER,
     PyWorker,
+    config,
     current_target,
     document,
     js_modules,
     sync,
     window,
 )
+from pyscript.websocket import WebSocket
 
 try:
     from pyscript.event_handling import when

pyscript.core/src/stdlib/pyscript/display.py

@@ -6,17 +6,17 @@ import re
 from pyscript.magic_js import current_target, document, window
 
 _MIME_METHODS = {
-    "__repr__": "text/plain",
-    "_repr_html_": "text/html",
-    "_repr_markdown_": "text/markdown",
-    "_repr_svg_": "image/svg+xml",
-    "_repr_pdf_": "application/pdf",
-    "_repr_jpeg_": "image/jpeg",
-    "_repr_png_": "image/png",
-    "_repr_latex": "text/latex",
-    "_repr_json_": "application/json",
-    "_repr_javascript_": "application/javascript",
     "savefig": "image/png",
+    "_repr_javascript_": "application/javascript",
+    "_repr_json_": "application/json",
+    "_repr_latex": "text/latex",
+    "_repr_png_": "image/png",
+    "_repr_jpeg_": "image/jpeg",
+    "_repr_pdf_": "application/pdf",
+    "_repr_svg_": "image/svg+xml",
+    "_repr_markdown_": "text/markdown",
+    "_repr_html_": "text/html",
+    "__repr__": "text/plain",
 }
 
 
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ def _format_mime(obj):
         format_dict = mimebundle
 
     output, not_available = None, []
-    for method, mime_type in reversed(_MIME_METHODS.items()):
+    for method, mime_type in _MIME_METHODS.items():
         if mime_type in format_dict:
             output = format_dict[mime_type]
         else:

pyscript.core/src/stdlib/pyscript/fetch.py

@@ -1,64 +1,87 @@
 import json
 
 import js
+from pyscript.util import as_bytearray
 
 
-def _as_bytearray(buffer):
+### wrap the response to grant Pythonic results
-    ui8a = js.Uint8Array.new(buffer)
+class _Response:
-    size = ui8a.length
+    def __init__(self, response):
-    ba = bytearray(size)
+        self._response = response
-    for i in range(0, size):
-        ba[i] = ui8a[i]
-    return ba
 
+    # grant access to response.ok and other fields
+    def __getattr__(self, attr):
+        return getattr(self._response, attr)
 
-class _Fetch:
+    # exposed methods with Pythonic results
-    def __init__(self, url, **kw):
-        # avoid both Pyodide and MicroPython FFI
-        options = js.JSON.parse(json.dumps(kw))
-        self._url = url
-        self._fetch = js.fetch(url, options)
-
-    async def _arrayBuffer(self):
-        response = await self._response()
-        return await response.arrayBuffer()
-
-    async def _response(self):
-        response = await self._fetch
-        if not response.ok:
-            msg = f"URL {self._url} failed with status {response.status}"
-            raise Exception(msg)
-        return response
-
-    # https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Response/arrayBuffer
-    # returns a memoryview of the buffer
     async def arrayBuffer(self):
-        buffer = await self._arrayBuffer()
+        buffer = await self._response.arrayBuffer()
         # works in Pyodide
         if hasattr(buffer, "to_py"):
             return buffer.to_py()
         # shims in MicroPython
-        return memoryview(_as_bytearray(buffer))
+        return memoryview(as_bytearray(buffer))
+
+    async def blob(self):
+        return await self._response.blob()
+
+    async def bytearray(self):
+        buffer = await self._response.arrayBuffer()
+        return as_bytearray(buffer)
+
+    async def json(self):
+        return json.loads(await self.text())
+
+    async def text(self):
+        return await self._response.text()
+
+
+### allow direct await to _Response methods
+class _DirectResponse:
+    @staticmethod
+    def setup(promise, response):
+        promise._response = _Response(response)
+        return promise._response
+
+    def __init__(self, promise):
+        self._promise = promise
+        promise._response = None
+        promise.arrayBuffer = self.arrayBuffer
+        promise.blob = self.blob
+        promise.bytearray = self.bytearray
+        promise.json = self.json
+        promise.text = self.text
+
+    async def _response(self):
+        if not self._promise._response:
+            await self._promise
+        return self._promise._response
+
+    async def arrayBuffer(self):
+        response = await self._response()
+        return await response.arrayBuffer()
 
-    # https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Response/blob
     async def blob(self):
         response = await self._response()
         return await response.blob()
 
-    # return a bytearray from the uint8 view of the buffer
     async def bytearray(self):
-        buffer = await self._arrayBuffer()
+        response = await self._response()
-        return _as_bytearray(buffer)
+        return await response.bytearray()
 
-    # https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Response/json
     async def json(self):
-        return json.loads(await self.text())
+        response = await self._response()
+        return await response.json()
 
-    # https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Response/text
     async def text(self):
         response = await self._response()
         return await response.text()
 
 
 def fetch(url, **kw):
-    return _Fetch(url, **kw)
+    # workaround Pyodide / MicroPython dict <-> js conversion
+    options = js.JSON.parse(json.dumps(kw))
+    awaited = lambda response, *args: _DirectResponse.setup(promise, response)
+    promise = js.fetch(url, options).then(awaited)
+    _DirectResponse(promise)
+    return promise

pyscript.core/src/stdlib/pyscript/ffi.py

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+try:
+    import js
+    from pyodide.ffi import create_proxy as _cp
+    from pyodide.ffi import to_js as _py_tjs
+
+    from_entries = js.Object.fromEntries
+
+    def _tjs(value, **kw):
+        if not hasattr(kw, "dict_converter"):
+            kw["dict_converter"] = from_entries
+        return _py_tjs(value, **kw)
+
+except:
+    from jsffi import create_proxy as _cp
+    from jsffi import to_js as _tjs
+
+create_proxy = _cp
+to_js = _tjs

pyscript.core/src/stdlib/pyscript/magic_js.py

@@ -1,11 +1,15 @@
+import json
 import sys
 
 import js as globalThis
+from polyscript import config as _config
 from polyscript import js_modules
 from pyscript.util import NotSupported
 
 RUNNING_IN_WORKER = not hasattr(globalThis, "document")
 
+config = json.loads(globalThis.JSON.stringify(_config))
+
 
 # allow `from pyscript.js_modules.xxx import yyy`
 class JSModule:

pyscript.core/src/stdlib/pyscript/util.py

@@ -1,3 +1,15 @@
+import js
+
+
+def as_bytearray(buffer):
+    ui8a = js.Uint8Array.new(buffer)
+    size = ui8a.length
+    ba = bytearray(size)
+    for i in range(0, size):
+        ba[i] = ui8a[i]
+    return ba
+
+
 class NotSupported:
     """
     Small helper that raises exceptions if you try to get/set any attribute on

pyscript.core/src/stdlib/pyscript/websocket.py

@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+import js
+from pyscript.util import as_bytearray
+
+code = "code"
+protocols = "protocols"
+reason = "reason"
+
+
+class EventMessage:
+    def __init__(self, event):
+        self._event = event
+
+    def __getattr__(self, attr):
+        value = getattr(self._event, attr)
+
+        if attr == "data" and not isinstance(value, str):
+            if hasattr(value, "to_py"):
+                return value.to_py()
+            # shims in MicroPython
+            return memoryview(as_bytearray(value))
+
+        return value
+
+
+class WebSocket(object):
+    CONNECTING = 0
+    OPEN = 1
+    CLOSING = 2
+    CLOSED = 3
+
+    def __init__(self, **kw):
+        url = kw["url"]
+        if protocols in kw:
+            socket = js.WebSocket.new(url, kw[protocols])
+        else:
+            socket = js.WebSocket.new(url)
+        object.__setattr__(self, "_ws", socket)
+
+        for t in ["onclose", "onerror", "onmessage", "onopen"]:
+            if t in kw:
+                socket[t] = kw[t]
+
+    def __getattr__(self, attr):
+        return getattr(self._ws, attr)
+
+    def __setattr__(self, attr, value):
+        if attr == "onmessage":
+            self._ws[attr] = lambda e: value(EventMessage(e))
+        else:
+            self._ws[attr] = value
+
+    def close(self, **kw):
+        if code in kw and reason in kw:
+            self._ws.close(kw[code], kw[reason])
+        elif code in kw:
+            self._ws.close(kw[code])
+        else:
+            self._ws.close()
+
+    def send(self, data):
+        if isinstance(data, str):
+            self._ws.send(data)
+        else:
+            buffer = js.Uint8Array.new(len(data))
+            for pos, b in enumerate(data):
+                buffer[pos] = b
+            self._ws.send(buffer)

pyscript.core/test/config-url.html

@@ -8,9 +8,17 @@
   <script type="module" src="../dist/core.js"></script>
   <mpy-config src="config-url/config.json"></mpy-config>
   <script type="mpy">
+    from pyscript import config
+    if config["files"]["{TO}"] != "./runtime":
+        raise Exception("wrong config tree")
+
     from runtime import test
   </script>
   <script type="mpy" worker>
+    from pyscript import config
+    if config["files"]["{TO}"] != "./runtime":
+        raise Exception("wrong config tree")
+
     from runtime import test
   </script>
 </head>

pyscript.core/test/fetch.html

@@ -27,48 +27,68 @@
         import js, json
         from pyscript import document, fetch
 
+        fetch_text = await (await fetch("config.json")).text()
+        if (fetch_text != js.fetch_text):
+          raise Exception("fetch_text")
+
         fetch_text = await fetch("config.json").text()
         if (fetch_text != js.fetch_text):
           raise Exception("fetch_text")
 
+        fetch_json = await (await fetch("config.json")).json()
+        if (json.dumps(fetch_json).replace(" ", "") != js.fetch_json):
+          raise Exception("fetch_json")
+
         fetch_json = await fetch("config.json").json()
         if (json.dumps(fetch_json).replace(" ", "") != js.fetch_json):
           raise Exception("fetch_json")
 
-          fetch_buffer = await fetch("config.json").bytearray()
+        fetch_buffer = await (await fetch("config.json")).arrayBuffer()
         if (len(fetch_buffer) != js.fetch_buffer):
           raise Exception("fetch_buffer")
 
-          print(await fetch("config.json").bytearray())
+        fetch_buffer = await fetch("config.json").arrayBuffer()
-          print(await fetch("config.json").blob())
+        if (len(fetch_buffer) != js.fetch_buffer):
+          raise Exception("fetch_buffer")
 
-          try:
+        print(await (await fetch("config.json")).bytearray())
-            await fetch("shenanigans.nope").text()
+        print(await (await fetch("config.json")).blob())
-          except:
+
+        if (await fetch("shenanigans.nope")).ok == False:
           document.documentElement.classList.add('mpy')
       </script>
       <script type="py" async>
         import js, json
         from pyscript import document, fetch
 
+        fetch_text = await (await fetch("config.json")).text()
+        if (fetch_text != js.fetch_text):
+          raise Exception("fetch_text")
+
         fetch_text = await fetch("config.json").text()
         if (fetch_text != js.fetch_text):
           raise Exception("fetch_text")
 
+        fetch_json = await (await fetch("config.json")).json()
+        if (json.dumps(fetch_json).replace(" ", "") != js.fetch_json):
+          raise Exception("fetch_json")
+
         fetch_json = await fetch("config.json").json()
         if (json.dumps(fetch_json).replace(" ", "") != js.fetch_json):
           raise Exception("fetch_json")
 
-        fetch_buffer = await fetch("config.json").bytearray()
+        fetch_buffer = await (await fetch("config.json")).arrayBuffer()
         if (len(fetch_buffer) != js.fetch_buffer):
           raise Exception("fetch_buffer")
 
-        print(await fetch("config.json").bytearray())
+        fetch_buffer = await fetch("config.json").arrayBuffer()
-        print(await fetch("config.json").blob())
+        if (len(fetch_buffer) != js.fetch_buffer):
+          raise Exception("fetch_buffer")
 
-        try:
+        print(await (await fetch("config.json")).bytearray())
-          await fetch("shenanigans.nope").text()
+        print(await (await fetch("config.json")).blob())
-        except:
+
+        if (await fetch("shenanigans.nope")).ok == False:
           document.documentElement.classList.add('py')
       </script>
     </body>

pyscript.core/test/ffi.html

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+<!doctype html>
+<html lang="en">
+    <head>
+        <meta charset="UTF-8" />
+        <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" />
+        <title>PyScript FFI</title>
+        <link rel="stylesheet" href="../dist/core.css">
+        <script type="module" src="../dist/core.js"></script>
+    </head>
+    <body>
+      <script type="mpy">
+          from pyscript import document
+          from pyscript.ffi import to_js
+          document.documentElement.classList.add(
+            to_js({"ok": "mpy"}).ok
+          )
+      </script>
+      <script type="py">
+          from pyscript import document
+          from pyscript.ffi import to_js
+          document.documentElement.classList.add(
+            to_js({"ok": "py"}).ok
+          )
+      </script>
+    </body>
+</html>

pyscript.core/test/mpy.spec.js

@@ -83,3 +83,8 @@ test('MicroPython + Pyodide fetch', async ({ page }) => {
   await page.goto('http://localhost:8080/test/fetch.html');
   await page.waitForSelector('html.mpy.py');
 });
+
+test('MicroPython + Pyodide ffi', async ({ page }) => {
+  await page.goto('http://localhost:8080/test/ffi.html');
+  await page.waitForSelector('html.mpy.py');
+});

pyscript.core/test/py-editor/config.toml

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+[js_modules.worker]
+"https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/html-escaper/+esm" = "html_escaper"

pyscript.core/test/py-editor/index.html

@@ -7,15 +7,35 @@
   <script type="module" src="../../dist/core.js"></script>
 </head>
 <body>
-  <script type="mpy-editor" src="task1.py" env="task1" setup></script>
+  <!-- a setup node with a config for an env -->
+  <script type="mpy-editor" src="task1.py" config="./config.toml" env="task1" setup></script>
   <script type="mpy-editor" env="task1">
-    print(a)
+    from pyscript.js_modules.html_escaper import escape, unescape
+    print(unescape(escape("<OK>")))
+    a = 1
   </script>
-  <script type="mpy-editor" env="task2" setup>
+  <!-- a share-nothing micropython editor -->
+  <script type="mpy-editor" config="./config.toml">
+    from pyscript.js_modules.html_escaper import escape, unescape
+    print(unescape(escape("<OK>")))
     b = 2
+    try:
+      print(a)
+    except:
+      print("all good")
+  </script>
+  <!-- a config once micropython env -->
+  <script type="mpy-editor" env="task2" config="./config.toml">
+    from pyscript.js_modules.html_escaper import escape, unescape
+    print(unescape(escape("<OK>")))
+    c = 3
+    try:
+      print(b)
+    except:
+      print("all good")
   </script>
   <script type="mpy-editor" env="task2">
-    print(b)
+    print(c)
   </script>
 </body>
 </html>

pyscript.core/test/py-editor/task1.py

@@ -1 +1,5 @@
+from pyscript import window
+
+window.console.log("OK")
+
 a = 1

pyscript.core/test/py-terminal.html

@@ -9,24 +9,10 @@
         <style>.xterm { padding: .5rem; }</style>
     </head>
     <body>
-        <script type="py">
+        <script type="mpy" worker terminal>
-            def greetings(event):
+            print("µpython")
-                print('hello world')
+            import code
+            code.interact()
         </script>
-        <py-script worker terminal>
-            # works on both worker and main scripts
-            print("__terminal__", __terminal__)
-
-            import sys
-            from pyscript import display, document
-            display("Hello", "PyScript Next - PyTerminal", append=False)
-            print("this should go to the terminal")
-            print("another line")
-
-            # this works as expected
-            print("this goes to stderr", file=sys.stderr)
-            document.addEventListener('click', lambda event: print(event.type));
-        </py-script>
-        <button id="my-button" py-click="greetings">Click me</button>
     </body>
 </html>

pyscript.core/test/ws.spec.js

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+import { test, expect } from '@playwright/test';
+
+test('MicroPython WebSocket', async ({ page }) => {
+  await page.goto('http://localhost:5037/');
+  await page.waitForSelector('html.ok');
+});

pyscript.core/test/ws/index.html

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html lang="en">
+<head>
+  <meta charset="UTF-8">
+  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
+  <link rel="stylesheet" href="../../dist/core.css">
+  <script type="module" src="../../dist/core.js"></script>
+</head>
+<body>
+  <script type="mpy" worker>
+    from pyscript import WebSocket, document
+
+    def onopen(event):
+        print(event.type)
+        ws.send("hello")
+
+    def onmessage(event):
+        print(event.type, event.data)
+        ws.close()
+
+    def onclose(event):
+        print(event.type)
+        document.documentElement.classList.add("ok")
+
+    ws = WebSocket(
+      url="ws://localhost:5037/",
+      onopen=onopen,
+      onmessage=onmessage,
+      onclose=onclose
+    )
+  </script>
+</body>
+</html>

pyscript.core/test/ws/index.js

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+import { serve, file } from 'bun';
+
+import path, { dirname, join } from 'path';
+import { fileURLToPath } from 'url';
+
+const dir = dirname(fileURLToPath(import.meta.url));
+
+serve({
+  port: 5037,
+  fetch(req, server) {
+    if (server.upgrade(req)) return;
+    const url = new URL(req.url);
+    let { pathname } = url;
+    if (pathname === '/') pathname = '/index.html';
+    else if (/^\/dist\//.test(pathname)) pathname = `/../..${pathname}`;
+    else if (pathname === '/favicon.ico')
+      return new Response('Not Found', { status: 404 });
+    const response = new Response(file(`${dir}${pathname}`));
+    const { headers } = response;
+    headers.set('Cross-Origin-Opener-Policy', 'same-origin');
+    headers.set('Cross-Origin-Embedder-Policy', 'require-corp');
+    headers.set('Cross-Origin-Resource-Policy', 'cross-origin');
+    return response;
+  },
+  websocket: {
+    message(ws, message) {
+      ws.send(message);
+    },
+    close() {
+      process.exit(0);
+    }
+  },
+});

pyscript.core/types/3rd-party/xterm_addon-web-links.d.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+declare var r: any;
+declare var n: any;
+declare var t: {};
+export { r as WebLinksAddon, n as __esModule, t as default };

pyscript.core/types/core.d.ts

@@ -1,3 +1,6 @@
+export function offline_interpreter(config: any): string;
+import { stdlib } from "./stdlib.js";
+import { optional } from "./stdlib.js";
 import TYPES from "./types.js";
 /**
  * A `Worker` facade able to bootstrap on the worker thread only a PyScript module.
@@ -38,11 +41,7 @@ declare const exportedHooks: {
     };
     worker: {
         onReady: Set<Function>;
-        onBeforeRun: Set<Function>; /**
+        onBeforeRun: Set<Function>;
-         * Given a generic DOM Element, tries to fetch the 'src' attribute, if present.
-         * It either throws an error if the 'src' can't be fetched or it returns a fallback
-         * content as source.
-         */
         onBeforeRunAsync: Set<Function>;
         onAfterRun: Set<Function>;
         onAfterRunAsync: Set<Function>;
@@ -54,5 +53,4 @@ declare const exportedHooks: {
 };
 declare const exportedConfig: {};
 declare const exportedWhenDefined: (type: string) => Promise<any>;
-import sync from "./sync.js";
+export { stdlib, optional, TYPES, exportedPyWorker as PyWorker, exportedMPWorker as MPWorker, exportedHooks as hooks, exportedConfig as config, exportedWhenDefined as whenDefined };
-export { TYPES, exportedPyWorker as PyWorker, exportedMPWorker as MPWorker, exportedHooks as hooks, exportedConfig as config, exportedWhenDefined as whenDefined };

pyscript.core/types/hooks.d.ts

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 export function main(name: any): any;
 export function worker(name: any): any;
-export function codeFor(branch: any): {};
+export function codeFor(branch: any, type: any): {};
 export function createFunction(self: any, name: any): any;
 export namespace hooks {
     namespace main {

pyscript.core/types/plugins/py-terminal.d.ts

@@ -1,2 +1 @@
-declare const _default: Promise<void>;
+export {};
-export default _default;

pyscript.core/types/stdlib.d.ts

@@ -1,2 +1,2 @@
-declare const _default: string;
+export const stdlib: string;
-export default _default;
+export const optional: string;

pyscript.core/types/stdlib/pyscript.d.ts

@@ -4,8 +4,10 @@ declare namespace _default {
         "display.py": string;
         "event_handling.py": string;
         "fetch.py": string;
+        "ffi.py": string;
         "magic_js.py": string;
         "util.py": string;
+        "websocket.py": string;
     };
     let pyweb: {
         "__init__.py": string;