feat: add luhn algorithm lab to FS (#60903)

Co-authored-by: Dario-DC <105294544+Dario-DC@users.noreply.github.com>

client/i18n/locales/english/intro.json

@@ -4275,9 +4275,11 @@
           "In this lab you will implement the selection sort algorithm."
         ]
       },
-      "lab-luhn-argorithm": {
-        "title": "Build a Luhn Algorithm",
-        "intro": [""]
+      "lab-luhn-algorithm": {
+        "title": "Implement the Luhn Algorithm",
+        "intro": [
+          "In this lab, you will implement the Luhn algorithm to validate identification numbers such as credit card numbers."
+        ]
       },
       "review-searching-and-sorting-algorithms": {
         "title": "Searching and Sorting Algorithms Review",

client/src/pages/learn/full-stack-developer/lab-luhn-algorithm/index.md

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+---
+title: Introduction to the Implement the Luhn Algorithm
+block: lab-luhn-algorithm
+superBlock: full-stack-developer
+---
+
+## Introduction to the Implement the Luhn Algorithm
+
+In this lab, you will implement the Luhn algorithm, a simple checksum formula used to validate identification numbers such as credit card numbers.

curriculum/challenges/_meta/lab-luhn-algorithm/meta.json

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+{
+  "name": "Implement the Luhn Algorithm",
+  "isUpcomingChange": true,
+  "dashedName": "lab-luhn-algorithm",
+  "superBlock": "full-stack-developer",
+  "helpCategory": "Python",
+  "challengeOrder": [{ "id": "68507cadbf36aa089a84ce2d", "title": "Implement the Luhn Algorithm" }],
+  "blockLayout": "link",
+  "blockType": "lab"
+}

curriculum/challenges/english/25-front-end-development/lab-luhn-algorithm/68507cadbf36aa089a84ce2d.md

@@ -0,0 +1,170 @@
+---
+id: 68507cadbf36aa089a84ce2d
+title: Implement the Luhn Algorithm
+challengeType: 27
+dashedName: implement-the-luhn-algorithm
+---
+
+# --description--
+
+The Luhn algorithm, also known as the "modulus 10" or "mod 10" algorithm, is a simple checksum formula used to validate a variety of identification numbers, like credit card numbers. These are the steps to validate a number using the Luhn algorithm:
+
+- Starting from the right, and excluding the rightmost digit (the check digit), double the value of every other digit.
+- If the result of doubling a digit is greater than `9`, sum the digits to get a single digit. Alternatively, you can subtract `9` from the result.
+- Take the sum of all the digits including the check digit.
+- If the sum of all the digits is a multiple of `10`, then the number is valid; else it is not valid.
+
+Let's say we have the number `453914881`. The steps to validate it using the Luhn algorithm would be:
+
+ ```md 
+ Account number      4   5   3   9   1   4   8   8   1 
+ Double every other  4  10   3  18   1   8   8  16   1 
+ Sum 2-char digits   4   1   3   9   1   8   8   7   1 
+ ``` 
+
+- Then sum all numbers, `4 + 1 + 3 + 9 + 1 + 8 + 8 + 7 + 1 = 42`.
+- Since `42` is not a multiple of `10`, the number is invalid.
+
+In this lab, you will build a credit card validator using the Luhn algorithm.
+
+Fulfill the user stories below and get all the tests to pass to complete the lab.
+
+**User Stories:**
+
+1. You should define a function named `verify_card_number` that takes a string of digits (representing a card number) and verifies whether it is valid according to the Luhn algorithm.
+
+2. Within the `verify_card_number` function:
+
+   - You should handle any dashes or spaces that may be present in the card number passed to it.
+   - Return `VALID!` if the card number is valid; otherwise, return `INVALID!`.
+
+When you complete the project, you should see the following messages depending on the input:
+
+| Card Number         | Message  |
+| ------------------- | -------- |
+| 453914889           | VALID!   |
+| 4111-1111-1111-1111 | VALID!   |
+| 1234 5678 9012 3456 | INVALID! |
+
+
+# --hints--
+
+You should have a function named `verify_card_number`.
+
+```js
+({
+    test: () => runPython(`
+    assert _Node(_code).has_function('verify_card_number')
+    `)
+})
+```
+
+`verify_card_number('453914889')` should return `VALID!`.
+
+```js
+({
+    test: () => runPython(`
+    assert verify_card_number('453914889') == 'VALID!'
+    `)
+})
+```
+
+`verify_card_number('4111-1111-1111-1111')` should return `VALID!`.
+
+```js
+({
+    test: () => runPython(`
+    assert verify_card_number('4111-1111-1111-1111') == 'VALID!'
+    `)
+})
+```
+
+`verify_card_number('453914881')` should return `INVALID!`.
+
+```js
+({
+    test: () => runPython(`
+    assert verify_card_number('453914881') == 'INVALID!'
+    `)
+})
+```
+
+`verify_card_number('1234 5678 9012 3456')` should return `INVALID!`.
+
+```js
+({
+    test: () => runPython(`
+    assert verify_card_number('1234 5678 9012 3456') == 'INVALID!'
+    `)
+})
+```
+
+`verify_card_number` should return `VALID!` when called with a valid credit card number.
+
+```js
+({
+    test: () => runPython(`
+    assert verify_card_number('4539 1488 0343 6467') == 'VALID!'
+    assert verify_card_number('6011 1111 1111 1117') == 'VALID!'
+    assert verify_card_number('3782-822463-10005') == 'VALID!'
+    assert verify_card_number('5555 5555 5555 4444') == 'VALID!'
+    assert verify_card_number('3056 9309 0259 04') == 'VALID!'
+    assert verify_card_number('6011000990139424173') == 'VALID!'
+    `)
+})
+```
+
+`verify_card_number` should return `INVALID!` when called with an invalid credit card number.
+
+```js
+({
+    test: () => runPython(`
+    assert verify_card_number('4539 1488 0343 6466') == 'INVALID!'
+    assert verify_card_number('6011 1111 1111 1116') == 'INVALID!'
+    assert verify_card_number('3782 822463 10004') == 'INVALID!'
+    assert verify_card_number('5555-5555-5555-4440') == 'INVALID!'
+    assert verify_card_number('3056 9309 0259 05') == 'INVALID!'
+    assert verify_card_number('6011000990139424175') == 'INVALID!'
+    `)
+})
+```
+
+# --seed--
+
+## --seed-contents--
+
+```py
+
+```
+
+# --solutions--
+
+```py
+def verify_card_number(card_number):
+    card_translation = str.maketrans({'-': '', ' ': ''})
+    translated_card_number = card_number.translate(card_translation)
+
+    sum_of_odd_digits = 0
+    card_number_reversed = translated_card_number[::-1]
+    odd_digits = card_number_reversed[::2]
+
+    for digit in odd_digits:
+        sum_of_odd_digits += int(digit)
+
+    sum_of_even_digits = 0
+    even_digits = card_number_reversed[1::2]
+    for digit in even_digits:
+        number = int(digit) * 2
+        if number >= 10:
+            number = (number // 10) + (number % 10)
+        sum_of_even_digits += number
+
+    total = sum_of_odd_digits + sum_of_even_digits
+    if total % 10 == 0:
+        return 'VALID!'
+    else:
+        return 'INVALID!'
+
+# Example usage
+verify_card_number('4111-1111-4555-1142')
+```

curriculum/superblock-structure/full-stack.json

@@ -1297,7 +1297,7 @@
             { "dashedName": "workshop-merge-sort" },
             { "dashedName": "lab-quicksort" },
             { "dashedName": "lab-selection-sort" },
-            { "dashedName": "lab-luhn-argorithm" },
+            { "dashedName": "lab-luhn-algorithm" },
             { "dashedName": "review-searching-and-sorting-algorithms" },
             { "dashedName": "quiz-searching-and-sorting-algorithms" }
           ]