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2024-05-16 14:27:36 -05:00

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---
id: 5e44413e903586ffb414c94e
title: Aplicación de presupuesto
challengeType: 23
forumTopicId: 462361
dashedName: budget-app
---
# --description--
Complete the `Category` class. Debería poder instanciar objetos en función de diferentes categorías presupuestarias como *comida*, *ropa* y *entretenimiento*. Cuando se crean objetos, se pasan en el nombre de la categoria. La clase debe tener como instancia una variable llamada `ledger` (esta es una lista). La clase debe contener también los siguientes metodos:
- Un método `deposit` que acepta una cantidad y una descripción. If no description is given, it should default to an empty string. The method should append an object to the ledger list in the form of `{"amount": amount, "description": description}`.
- A `withdraw` method that is similar to the `deposit` method, but the amount passed in should be stored in the ledger as a negative number. If there are not enough funds, nothing should be added to the ledger. This method should return `True` if the withdrawal took place, and `False` otherwise.
- A `get_balance` method that returns the current balance of the budget category based on the deposits and withdrawals that have occurred.
- A `transfer` method that accepts an amount and another budget category as arguments. The method should add a withdrawal with the amount and the description "Transfer to [Destination Budget Category]". The method should then add a deposit to the other budget category with the amount and the description "Transfer from [Source Budget Category]". If there are not enough funds, nothing should be added to either ledgers. This method should return `True` if the transfer took place, and `False` otherwise.
- A `check_funds` method that accepts an amount as an argument. It returns `False` if the amount is greater than the balance of the budget category and returns `True` otherwise. This method should be used by both the `withdraw` method and `transfer` method.
Cuando el objeto de presupuesto se imprime, debe mostrar:
- A title line of 30 characters where the name of the category is centered in a line of `*` characters.
- A list of the items in the ledger. Each line should show the description and amount. The first 23 characters of the description should be displayed, then the amount. The amount should be right aligned, contain two decimal places, and display a maximum of 7 characters.
- A line displaying the category total.
Here is an example usage:
```py
food = Category("Food")
food.deposit(1000, "deposit")
food.withdraw(10.15, "groceries")
food.withdraw(15.89, "restaurant and more food for dessert")
clothing = Category("Clothing")
food.transfer(50, clothing)
print(food)
```
And here is an example of the output:
```bash
*************Food*************
initial deposit 1000.00
groceries -10.15
restaurant and more foo -15.89
Transfer to Clothing -50.00
Total: 923.96
```
Además de la clase `Category`, crear una función (fuera de la clase) llamada `create_spend_chart` que toma una lista de categorías como argumento. Debe devolver una cadena que es un gráfico de barras.
El gráfico debe mostrar el porcentaje gastado en cada categoría pasado a la función. El porcentaje gastado debe calcularse únicamente con retiros y no con depósitos. Debajo del lado izquierdo del gráfico debe estar la etiqueta 0 - 100. Las "barras" en el gráfico de barras deben estar hechas del carácter "o". La altura de cada barra debe ser redondeada hacia abajo al 10 más cercano. La línea horizontal debajo de las barras debe ir dos espacios más allá de la barra final. Cada nombre de categoría debe ser escrito verticalmente debajo de la barra. Debería haber un título en la parte superior que diga "Porcentaje gastado por categoría".
Esta función se probará con hasta cuatro categorías.
Mire el output del ejemplo a continuación muy de cerca y asegúrese de que el espaciado coincida exactamente con el ejemplo.
```bash
Percentage spent by category
100|
90|
80|
70|
60| o
50| o
40| o
30| o
20| o o
10| o o o
0| o o o
----------
F C A
o l u
o o t
d t o
h
i
n
g
```
# --hints--
The `deposit` method should create a specific object in the ledger instance variable.
```js
({
test: () => {
pyodide.FS.writeFile('/home/pyodide/budget.py', code);
pyodide.FS.writeFile('/home/pyodide/test_module.py',`
import unittest
import budget
from importlib import reload
reload(budget)
class UnitTests(unittest.TestCase):
maxDiff = None
def setUp(self):
self.food = budget.Category("Food")
def test_deposit(self):
self.food.deposit(900, "deposit")
actual = self.food.ledger[0]
expected = {"amount": 900, "description": "deposit"}
self.assertEqual(actual, expected, 'Expected "deposit" method to create a specific object in the ledger instance variable.')
`);
const testCode = `
from unittest import main
from importlib import reload
import test_module
reload(test_module)
t = main(module='test_module', exit=False)
t.result.wasSuccessful()
`;
const out = runPython(testCode);
assert(out);
}
})
```
Calling the `deposit` method with no description should create a blank description.
```js
({
test: () => {
pyodide.FS.writeFile('/home/pyodide/budget.py', code);
pyodide.FS.writeFile('/home/pyodide/test_module.py',`
import unittest
import budget
from importlib import reload
reload(budget)
class UnitTests(unittest.TestCase):
maxDiff = None
def setUp(self):
self.food = budget.Category("Food")
def test_deposit_no_description(self):
self.food.deposit(45.56)
actual = self.food.ledger[0]
expected = {"amount": 45.56, "description": ""}
self.assertEqual(actual, expected, 'Expected calling "deposit" method with no description to create a blank description.')
`);
const testCode = `
from unittest import main
from importlib import reload
import test_module
reload(test_module)
t = main(module='test_module', exit=False)
t.result.wasSuccessful()
`;
const out = runPython(testCode);
assert(out);
}
})
```
The `withdraw` method should create a specific object in the `ledger` instance variable.
```js
({
test: () => {
pyodide.FS.writeFile('/home/pyodide/budget.py', code);
pyodide.FS.writeFile('/home/pyodide/test_module.py',`
import unittest
import budget
from importlib import reload
reload(budget)
class UnitTests(unittest.TestCase):
maxDiff = None
def setUp(self):
self.food = budget.Category("Food")
def test_withdraw(self):
self.food.deposit(900, "deposit")
self.food.withdraw(45.67, "milk, cereal, eggs, bacon, bread")
actual = self.food.ledger[1]
expected = {"amount": -45.67, "description": "milk, cereal, eggs, bacon, bread"}
self.assertEqual(actual, expected, 'Expected "withdraw" method to create a specific object in the ledger instance variable.')
`);
const testCode = `
from unittest import main
from importlib import reload
import test_module
reload(test_module)
t = main(module='test_module', exit=False)
t.result.wasSuccessful()
`;
const out = runPython(testCode);
assert(out);
}
})
```
Calling the `withdraw` method with no description should create a blank description.
```js
({
test: () => {
pyodide.FS.writeFile('/home/pyodide/budget.py', code);
pyodide.FS.writeFile('/home/pyodide/test_module.py',`
import unittest
import budget
from importlib import reload
reload(budget)
class UnitTests(unittest.TestCase):
maxDiff = None
def setUp(self):
self.food = budget.Category("Food")
def test_withdraw_no_description(self):
self.food.deposit(900, "deposit")
good_withdraw = self.food.withdraw(45.67)
actual = self.food.ledger[1]
expected = {"amount": -45.67, "description": ""}
self.assertEqual(actual, expected, 'Expected "withdraw" method with no description to create a blank description.')
`);
const testCode = `
from unittest import main
from importlib import reload
import test_module
reload(test_module)
t = main(module='test_module', exit=False)
t.result.wasSuccessful()
`;
const out = runPython(testCode);
assert(out);
}
})
```
The `withdraw` method should return `True` if the withdrawal took place.
```js
({
test: () => {
pyodide.FS.writeFile('/home/pyodide/budget.py', code);
pyodide.FS.writeFile('/home/pyodide/test_module.py',`
import unittest
import budget
from importlib import reload
reload(budget)
class UnitTests(unittest.TestCase):
maxDiff = None
def setUp(self):
self.food = budget.Category("Food")
def test_withdraw_no_description(self):
self.food.deposit(900, "deposit")
good_withdraw = self.food.withdraw(45.67)
self.assertEqual(good_withdraw, True, 'Expected "withdraw" method to return "True".')
`);
const testCode = `
from unittest import main
from importlib import reload
import test_module
reload(test_module)
t = main(module='test_module', exit=False)
t.result.wasSuccessful()
`;
const out = runPython(testCode);
assert(out);
}
})
```
Calling `food.deposit(900, "deposit")` and `food.withdraw(45.67, "milk, cereal, eggs, bacon, bread")` should return a balance of `854.33`.
```js
({
test: () => {
pyodide.FS.writeFile('/home/pyodide/budget.py', code);
pyodide.FS.writeFile('/home/pyodide/test_module.py',`
import unittest
import budget
from importlib import reload
reload(budget)
class UnitTests(unittest.TestCase):
maxDiff = None
def setUp(self):
self.food = budget.Category("Food")
def test_get_balance(self):
self.food.deposit(900, "deposit")
self.food.withdraw(45.67, "milk, cereal, eggs, bacon, bread")
actual = self.food.get_balance()
expected = 854.33
self.assertEqual(actual, expected, 'Expected balance to be 854.33')
`);
const testCode = `
from unittest import main
from importlib import reload
import test_module
reload(test_module)
t = main(module='test_module', exit=False)
t.result.wasSuccessful()
`;
const out = runPython(testCode);
assert(out);
}
})
```
Calling the `transfer` method on a category object should create a specific ledger item in that category object.
```js
({
test: () => {
pyodide.FS.writeFile('/home/pyodide/budget.py', code);
pyodide.FS.writeFile('/home/pyodide/test_module.py',`
import unittest
import budget
from importlib import reload
reload(budget)
class UnitTests(unittest.TestCase):
maxDiff = None
def setUp(self):
self.food = budget.Category("Food")
self.entertainment = budget.Category("Entertainment")
def test_transfer(self):
self.food.deposit(900, "deposit")
self.food.withdraw(45.67, "milk, cereal, eggs, bacon, bread")
transfer_amount = 20
good_transfer = self.food.transfer(transfer_amount, self.entertainment)
actual = self.food.ledger[2]
expected = {"amount": -transfer_amount, "description": "Transfer to Entertainment"}
self.assertEqual(actual, expected, 'Expected "transfer" method to create a specific ledger item in food object.')
`);
const testCode = `
from unittest import main
from importlib import reload
import test_module
reload(test_module)
t = main(module='test_module', exit=False)
t.result.wasSuccessful()
`;
const out = runPython(testCode);
assert(out);
}
})
```
The `transfer` method should return `True` if the transfer took place.
```js
({
test: () => {
pyodide.FS.writeFile('/home/pyodide/budget.py', code);
pyodide.FS.writeFile('/home/pyodide/test_module.py',`
import unittest
import budget
from importlib import reload
reload(budget)
class UnitTests(unittest.TestCase):
maxDiff = None
def setUp(self):
self.food = budget.Category("Food")
self.entertainment = budget.Category("Entertainment")
def test_transfer(self):
self.food.deposit(900, "deposit")
self.food.withdraw(45.67, "milk, cereal, eggs, bacon, bread")
transfer_amount = 20
good_transfer = self.food.transfer(transfer_amount, self.entertainment)
self.assertEqual(good_transfer, True, 'Expected "transfer" method to return "True".')
`);
const testCode = `
from unittest import main
from importlib import reload
import test_module
reload(test_module)
t = main(module='test_module', exit=False)
t.result.wasSuccessful()
`;
const out = runPython(testCode);
assert(out);
}
})
```
Calling `transfer` on a category object should reduce the balance in the category object.
```js
({
test: () => {
pyodide.FS.writeFile('/home/pyodide/budget.py', code);
pyodide.FS.writeFile('/home/pyodide/test_module.py',`
import unittest
import budget
from importlib import reload
reload(budget)
class UnitTests(unittest.TestCase):
maxDiff = None
def setUp(self):
self.food = budget.Category("Food")
self.entertainment = budget.Category("Entertainment")
def test_transfer(self):
self.food.deposit(900, "deposit")
self.food.withdraw(45.67, "milk, cereal, eggs, bacon, bread")
transfer_amount = 20
food_balance_before = self.food.get_balance()
good_transfer = self.food.transfer(transfer_amount, self.entertainment)
food_balance_after = self.food.get_balance()
self.assertEqual(food_balance_before - food_balance_after, transfer_amount, 'Expected "transfer" method to reduce balance in food object.')
`);
const testCode = `
from unittest import main
from importlib import reload
import test_module
reload(test_module)
t = main(module='test_module', exit=False)
t.result.wasSuccessful()
`;
const out = runPython(testCode);
assert(out);
}
})
```
The `transfer` method should increase the balance of the category object passed as its argument.
```js
({
test: () => {
pyodide.FS.writeFile('/home/pyodide/budget.py', code);
pyodide.FS.writeFile('/home/pyodide/test_module.py',`
import unittest
import budget
from importlib import reload
reload(budget)
class UnitTests(unittest.TestCase):
maxDiff = None
def setUp(self):
self.food = budget.Category("Food")
self.entertainment = budget.Category("Entertainment")
def test_transfer(self):
self.food.deposit(900, "deposit")
self.food.withdraw(45.67, "milk, cereal, eggs, bacon, bread")
transfer_amount = 20
entertainment_balance_before = self.entertainment.get_balance()
good_transfer = self.food.transfer(transfer_amount, self.entertainment)
entertainment_balance_after = self.entertainment.get_balance()
self.assertEqual(entertainment_balance_after - entertainment_balance_before, transfer_amount, 'Expected "transfer" method to increase balance in entertainment object.')
`);
const testCode = `
from unittest import main
from importlib import reload
import test_module
reload(test_module)
t = main(module='test_module', exit=False)
t.result.wasSuccessful()
`;
const out = runPython(testCode);
assert(out);
}
})
```
The `transfer` method should create a specific ledger item in the category object passed as its argument.
```js
({
test: () => {
pyodide.FS.writeFile('/home/pyodide/budget.py', code);
pyodide.FS.writeFile('/home/pyodide/test_module.py',`
import unittest
import budget
from importlib import reload
reload(budget)
class UnitTests(unittest.TestCase):
maxDiff = None
def setUp(self):
self.food = budget.Category("Food")
self.entertainment = budget.Category("Entertainment")
def test_transfer(self):
self.food.deposit(900, "deposit")
self.food.withdraw(45.67, "milk, cereal, eggs, bacon, bread")
transfer_amount = 20
good_transfer = self.food.transfer(transfer_amount, self.entertainment)
actual = self.entertainment.ledger[0]
expected = {"amount": transfer_amount, "description": "Transfer from Food"}
self.assertEqual(actual, expected, 'Expected "transfer" method to create a specific ledger item in entertainment object.')
`);
const testCode = `
from unittest import main
from importlib import reload
import test_module
reload(test_module)
t = main(module='test_module', exit=False)
t.result.wasSuccessful()
`;
const out = runPython(testCode);
assert(out);
}
})
```
The `check_funds` method should return `False` if the amount passed to the method is greater than the category balance.
```js
({
test: () => {
pyodide.FS.writeFile('/home/pyodide/budget.py', code);
pyodide.FS.writeFile('/home/pyodide/test_module.py',`
import unittest
import budget
from importlib import reload
reload(budget)
class UnitTests(unittest.TestCase):
maxDiff = None
def setUp(self):
self.food = budget.Category("Food")
def test_check_funds(self):
self.food.deposit(10, "deposit")
actual = self.food.check_funds(20)
expected = False
self.assertEqual(actual, expected, 'Expected "check_funds" method to be False')
`);
const testCode = `
from unittest import main
from importlib import reload
import test_module
reload(test_module)
t = main(module='test_module', exit=False)
t.result.wasSuccessful()
`;
const out = runPython(testCode);
assert(out);
}
})
```
The `check_funds` method should return `True` if the amount passed to the method is not greater than the category balance.
```js
({
test: () => {
pyodide.FS.writeFile('/home/pyodide/budget.py', code);
pyodide.FS.writeFile('/home/pyodide/test_module.py',`
import unittest
import budget
from importlib import reload
reload(budget)
class UnitTests(unittest.TestCase):
maxDiff = None
def setUp(self):
self.food = budget.Category("Food")
def test_check_funds(self):
self.food.deposit(10, "deposit")
actual = self.food.check_funds(10)
expected = True
self.assertEqual(actual, expected, 'Expected "check_funds" method to be True')
`);
const testCode = `
from unittest import main
from importlib import reload
import test_module
reload(test_module)
t = main(module='test_module', exit=False)
t.result.wasSuccessful()
`;
const out = runPython(testCode);
assert(out);
}
})
```
The `withdraw` method should return `False` if the withdrawal didn't take place.
```js
({
test: () => {
pyodide.FS.writeFile('/home/pyodide/budget.py', code);
pyodide.FS.writeFile('/home/pyodide/test_module.py',`
import unittest
import budget
from importlib import reload
reload(budget)
class UnitTests(unittest.TestCase):
maxDiff = None
def setUp(self):
self.food = budget.Category("Food")
def test_withdraw_no_funds(self):
self.food.deposit(100, "deposit")
good_withdraw = self.food.withdraw(100.10)
self.assertEqual(good_withdraw, False, 'Expected "withdraw" method to return "False".')
`);
const testCode = `
from unittest import main
from importlib import reload
import test_module
reload(test_module)
t = main(module='test_module', exit=False)
t.result.wasSuccessful()
`;
const out = runPython(testCode);
assert(out);
}
})
```
The `transfer` method should return `False` if the transfer didn't take place.
```js
({
test: () => {
pyodide.FS.writeFile('/home/pyodide/budget.py', code);
pyodide.FS.writeFile('/home/pyodide/test_module.py',`
import unittest
import budget
from importlib import reload
reload(budget)
class UnitTests(unittest.TestCase):
maxDiff = None
def setUp(self):
self.food = budget.Category("Food")
self.entertainment = budget.Category("Entertainment")
def test_transfer_no_funds(self):
self.food.deposit(100, "deposit")
good_transfer = self.food.transfer(200, self.entertainment)
self.assertEqual(good_transfer, False, 'Expected "transfer" method to return "False".')
`);
const testCode = `
from unittest import main
from importlib import reload
import test_module
reload(test_module)
t = main(module='test_module', exit=False)
t.result.wasSuccessful()
`;
const out = runPython(testCode);
assert(out);
}
})
```
Printing a `Category` instance should give a different string representation of the object.
```js
({
test: () => {
pyodide.FS.writeFile('/home/pyodide/budget.py', code);
pyodide.FS.writeFile('/home/pyodide/test_module.py',`
import unittest
import budget
from importlib import reload
reload(budget)
class UnitTests(unittest.TestCase):
maxDiff = None
def setUp(self):
self.food = budget.Category("Food")
self.entertainment = budget.Category("Entertainment")
def test_to_string(self):
self.food.deposit(900, "deposit")
self.food.withdraw(45.67, "milk, cereal, eggs, bacon, bread")
self.food.transfer(20, self.entertainment)
actual = str(self.food)
expected = "*************Food*************\\ndeposit 900.00\\nmilk, cereal, eggs, bac -45.67\\nTransfer to Entertainme -20.00\\nTotal: 834.33"
self.assertEqual(actual, expected, 'Expected different string representation of object.')
`);
const testCode = `
from unittest import main
from importlib import reload
import test_module
reload(test_module)
t = main(module='test_module', exit=False)
t.result.wasSuccessful()
`
const out = runPython(testCode);
assert(out);
}
})
```
`create_spend_chart` should print a different chart representation. Check that all spacing is exact.
```js
({
test: () => {
pyodide.FS.writeFile('/home/pyodide/budget.py', code);
pyodide.FS.writeFile('/home/pyodide/test_module.py',`
import unittest
import budget
from importlib import reload
reload(budget)
class UnitTests(unittest.TestCase):
maxDiff = None
def setUp(self):
self.food = budget.Category("Food")
self.entertainment = budget.Category("Entertainment")
self.business = budget.Category("Business")
def test_create_spend_chart(self):
self.food.deposit(900, "deposit")
self.entertainment.deposit(900, "deposit")
self.business.deposit(900, "deposit")
self.food.withdraw(105.55)
self.entertainment.withdraw(33.40)
self.business.withdraw(10.99)
actual = budget.create_spend_chart([self.business, self.food, self.entertainment])
expected = "Percentage spent by category\\n100| \\n 90| \\n 80| \\n 70| o \\n 60| o \\n 50| o \\n 40| o \\n 30| o \\n 20| o o \\n 10| o o \\n 0| o o o \\n ----------\\n B F E \\n u o n \\n s o t \\n i d e \\n n r \\n e t \\n s a \\n s i \\n n \\n m \\n e \\n n \\n t "
self.assertEqual(actual, expected, 'Expected different chart representation. Check that all spacing is exact.')
`);
const testCode = `
from unittest import main
from importlib import reload
import test_module
reload(test_module)
t = main(module='test_module', exit=False)
t.result.wasSuccessful()
`;
const out = runPython(testCode);
assert(out);
}
})
```
# --seed--
## --seed-contents--
```py
class Category:
pass
def create_spend_chart(categories):
pass
```
# --solutions--
```py
class Category:
def __init__(self, name):
self.name = name
self.ledger = []
self.balance = 0
self.spent = 0
def __str__(self):
first_line = f'{self.name.center(30, "*")}\n'
lines = ''
total = f'Total: {format(self.balance, ".2f")}'
for n in range(len(self.ledger)):
descr = self.ledger[n]["description"][:23]
am = format(float(self.ledger[n]["amount"]), ".2f")[:7]
lines = lines + f'{descr:<23}{am:>7}\n'
return f'{first_line}{lines}{total}'
def deposit(self, amount, description=''):
self.ledger.append({
'amount': float(amount),
'description': description
})
self.balance = self.balance + float(amount)
def withdraw(self, amount, description=''):
if self.check_funds(amount):
self.ledger.append({
'amount': -float(amount),
'description': description
})
self.balance = self.balance - float(amount)
self.spent = self.spent + float(amount)
return True
else:
return False
def get_balance(self):
return self.balance
def transfer(self, amount, category):
if self.check_funds(amount):
# withdraw
self.ledger.append({
'amount': -float(amount),
'description': f'Transfer to {category.name}'
})
self.balance = self.balance - float(amount)
# deposit
category.deposit(amount, f'Transfer from {self.name}')
return True
else:
return False
def check_funds(self, amount):
if float(amount) > self.balance:
return False
else:
return True
def create_spend_chart(categories):
total_expenses = 0
obj = {}
col1 = []
str = []
final_str = 'Percentage spent by category\n'
label_max_length = 0
label_strings = []
for category in categories:
total_expenses = total_expenses + category.spent
obj[category.name] = {'expenses': category.spent}
obj[category.name]['label'] = list(category.name)
if len(obj[category.name]['label']) > label_max_length:
label_max_length = len(obj[category.name]['label'])
for category in categories:
obj[category.name]['percent'] = (
(category.spent / total_expenses * 100) // 10) * 10
obj[category.name]['column'] = []
for i in range(0, 110, 10):
if obj[category.name]['percent'] >= i:
obj[category.name]['column'].insert(0, 'o')
else:
obj[category.name]['column'].insert(0, ' ')
for i in range(0, 110, 10):
col1.insert(0, i)
for i in range(11):
str.append("")
for key in obj:
str[i] += (f'{obj[key]["column"][i]} ')
final_str += f'{col1[i]:>3}| {str[i]}\n'
final_str += f' {"-"*(1+3*len(obj))}\n '
for i in range(label_max_length):
label_strings.append(' ')
for k in obj:
if len(obj[k]['label']) < label_max_length:
obj[k]['label'].extend(
f'{" "*(label_max_length-len(obj[k]["label"]))}')
label_strings[i] += f'{obj[k]["label"][i]} '
if i < label_max_length - 1:
label_strings[i] += '\n '
final_str += label_strings[i]
print(final_str)
return (final_str)
```